1. Zarqa River Basin Restoration and Economic Development Project International Union for Conservation of Nature Embassy of Spain In Jordan Technical Cooperation Office-Amman

2. Zarqa River Basin Description Area: 3,900 Km 2, c.a. Annual rainfall: 300 mm/year Annual stream flow: about 63 MCM Zarqa River is perennial, with: – summer monthly flows of 2 to 3 MCM; – winter monthly flows of 5 to >8 MCM MCM Million Cubic Meter

3. River Flow Abstraction for water supply from aquifers in the upper Amman-Zarqa groundwater basin has reduced the natural base flow of the Zarqa River, which was negatively reflected on the flow quantity of the river.

4. River Flow The flow characteristics have been further modified by discharging treated domestic and industrial wastewater to the river. This wastewater constitutes nearly all of summer flow, substantially degrading the water quality.

5. Three main problems are associated with Zarqa River: 1- Decrease of natural flow. 2- Pollution by disposing industrial wastewater and solid wastes. 3- Pollution by partially-treated domestic wastewater.

6. Socio-Economic Aspects Length of river watercourse is 70 Km, passing through 4 governorates. 65% of Jordan’s total population and more than 90% of the small medium industries are concentrated in the river basin area. About 10,000 donums (i.e. 2380 H) are used for agriculture in the watershed.

7. The Environmental Condition in Zarqa Basin Environmental components that are at risk in the Amman- Zarqa Basin include: High air pollution due to the surrounding industrial areas (such as thermal power plants, the oil refinery, industrial stack emissions). Over-pumping of groundwater for agricultural and industrial uses as well as drinking. Surface and groundwater resources pollution caused by wastewater from partially operated treatment plants.

8. Environmental Increasing Risks Solid waste management constitutes a big challenge in a heavily populated and industrialized region. Poverty and degraded livelihood conditions aggravated the negative environmental impacts.

9. Zarqa River Basin Restoration Project Long-Term Goal : Restoration of the river basin Economic development Purpose: Test and demonstrate a systemic and participatory approach for planning, development and management of the watershed/river basin at the intermediate and local levels good analysis and planning, leading to more effective and economically sound water resources management and improving rural livelihoods, environmental and water security. promoting increased participation and representation of stakeholders (mainly end-users) in the planning and decision making processes. through by

10. Constraints to Improved Water Management Unclear governance of the water basin, manifested in difficulties in the enforcement of water legislations and policies. Absence of inter-stakeholder agreement. Limited knowledge on socio-economic consequences. Lack of: Information on water and environmental flows in the basin (interaction of groundwater with surface water, etc). Awareness on water conservation and management. Experience / knowledge in systematic approaches relevant to water resources management.

11. Project Beneficiaries Locally Intermediate To the top Best practice for Communities within the river basin, farmers, CBOs, industries Industries and local-level government institutions National-level government institutions Other river basins in other areas or in the region

12. Physical Problems Tree for ZRR

13. GW safely yield = 87.5 MCM/yr - 80.1 for domestic Actual use = 149.8 - 6.9 for industrial Over use = 62.3 MCM/yr - 62.9 for agricultural

14. Capacity Building 5 Institutional Governance Consolidation Process 4 PWPC + DST 3 3 or 4 Pilot Sites for Testing Approach 2 Pilot Projects “on the ground” 7 Technical Studies on Selected Information 6 Planning + SDCA + Long Term Strategy Development 1 Long-Term Strategic Plan for Zarqa River Restoration & Management

15. Project Components Increasing the influence of stakeholders on the planning and decision-making processes for water resources management. Water resources, environmental and socio-economic assessments. Development and endorsement of a master plan for the watershed/river restoration. Development of system analysis tools (PMC + IWMIS) to support restoration master plans. Development and implementation of different pilot projects to test solutions for river basin restoration. Empowerment of local communities, private sector, NGOs and government agencies. Documenting the learning process and sharing information and knowledge at local, regional and national levels.

16. EXPECTED RESULTS 1.An effective “River Contract”, i.e the organizational structure and operational tools for Zarqa River Basin master plan implementation. 2. Empowering stakeholders GOs, NGOs, private sector, CBOs and end-users in the water resources planning and management processes. 3. Enabling the implementation of similar activities in other areas of the country and the region. 4. Developing the economic and social elements in the river basin due to the improved environment.

17. Progress to Date Institutional Arrangements: – Forming a steering committee at the national level to ensure participation and influence the national-level decision makers. – Conducting an institutional review of the organizational structure of the Ministry of Environment and Zarqa River Basin Rehabilitation Unit in order to come up with the best options for establishing the unit and its sustainable institutional linkages within the Ministry of Environment and with other line ministries and agencies. – Establishing a specialized institutional unit for the restoration of Zarqa River Basin as part of the Ministry of Environment’s institutional structure to ensure sustainability of the project. Stakeholders Dialogue (Multi-Stakeholder Platforms) : – Stakeholders dialogue was facilitated and an effective communication system between all stakeholders at different levels was established. – Three local water management committees were established at pilots sites level. – The local committees including end-users were empowered to increase water users participation in decision making.

18. Progress to Date Cont.. Capacity Building: Conducting Rapid Rural Appraisal for Zarqa river to select three or four pilot sites whose implementation is designed to test technical interventions based on stakeholders’ priorities. Conducting training needs assessment for the relevant stakeholders and for Zarqa River Basin Rehabilitation Unit (ZRRU). Based on training needs assessments results, three key documents in river restoration authored by IUCN (Flow, Pay and Ecosystem Approach) were translated to Arabic in order to build the capacity of the relevant stakeholders on river rehabilitation.

19. – Conducting training workshops, public awareness campaigns and dialogue sessions, targeting the stakeholders on several issues concerning water governance such as PRA, water resources assessments, scenario building, water strategic planning....etc. – Reviewing and assessing the environmental legislations/laws, and introducing amendments and recommendations for better enforcement. – Conducting several training workshops on Env. Laws targeted legal advisors of different ministries,lawyers,Municipalities representatives…etc, in cooperation with Jordanian Lawyers Bar and IUCN law commission. –Defining the list of criteria in different aspects (socio-economic, environmental and economic) in order to be quantified then used for multi- criteria analysis (MCA). Progress to Date Cont

20. Practical Learning – Four pilot sites, selected upon specific criteria, were developed by the national steering committee as follows : Russeifeh Site (upstream). Al Zarqa Site (upstream). Al Balqa Site (downstream ). – In-depth social and water information were collected by local stakeholders to increase their involvement. – Local River Rehabilitation Strategic Plans were developed for the pilot sites in a participatory way.

21. - Three pilot projects were identified by the relevant stakeholders and will be implemented in selected pilot sites, aiming to: Reduce pollution load dumped. Improve the environmental situation. Green the area (making eco-learning parks). Community development Promote effective governance. Demonstrate how an effective planning and management relationship can be developed and sustained between a local community, CBOs, private sector and respective government departments for the purpose of improving water resources management and river rehabilitation. - Two schools were selected within the Zarqa River Basin and two small pilot project on water management were implemented to increase students’ participation in the river rehabilitation and water management.

22. Lessons Learned Jordan Government’s commitment to adopt the policy and institutional and relevant regulatory measures are necessary to implement and sustain the river rehabilitation. The availability and exchange of information between relevant stakeholders are a core factor for better water governance. Reversing years long of river pollution is possible through concerted coordination between the line ministries and local communities. Community empowerment is a core factor for real participation in the river rehabilitation process. Schools are focal points for technical knowledge and awareness raising of local communities. Water issues became the main concern of the local communities due to scarce water and increasing demand.