1. By: Lou Rivera and Noah Owens
ELEMENTS, COMPOUNDS, MIXTURES, ACIDS AND BASES, INORGANIC AND ORGANIC MATERIALS
By: Lou Rivera and Noah Owens

2. WHAT IS AN ELEMENT? An element consist of only one kind of atom.
This cannot be broken down into a simpler type of matter by either physical or chemical means.
Elements can exist as either atoms or molecules.
Elements are organized into a periodic table
according to the elements’ atomic number
Some examples are gold, silver, carbon,
oxygen, and helium.

3. WHAT ARE COMPOUNDS?
A compound consists of atoms of two or more different elements bound together.
Compounds can be broken down into elements only by chemical changes (NOT PHYSICAL)
The properties of a compound are different from that of the elements that make it up.
Some examples: H2O (water), CO2 (Carbon dioxide)

4. WHAT ARE MIXTURES?
A mixture consists of two or more different elements and/or compounds physically combined
Mixtures can be separated into its components by physical changes (NOT CHEMICAL)
There are two different types of mixtures: Heterogeneous and Homogeneous

5. HETEROGENEOUS AND HOMOGENEOUS
Heterogeneous mixture is a mixture where the components are not uniform throughout and have different properties. The different parts can be identified and easily separated by physical means. Think of it as a salad where you can identify the different things that make it up and you could easily separate the tomatoes from the lettuce and the ham etc.
Homogeneous mixture is a mixture where the components are uniform with the same properties throughout, and distributed proportionately. Think of it as sugar water, it appears to be regular water but when you drink it you can taste the sugar.
(ALTHOUGH TASTE OR SMELL SHOULD NEVER BE USED TO VERIFY A CHEMICAL)

6. WHAT ARE ACIDS AND BASES?
Acids are the levels 0-7 on the PH scale. Acids have a sour flavor, many are corrosive, and most are also poisonous. Acids also cause some substances to change color. A substance that changes color in the presence of an acid or base is an indicator.
Bases are the levels 7-14 on the PH scale. The properties of a base solution include a bitter taste and a slippery feel. For example soap. Like acids, many bases are corrosive and bases also change the color of an indicator. Most indicators turn a different color in the presence of bases than they do in the presence of acids. Solutions of acids and bases conduct an electrical current.

7. WHAT ARE ORGANIC AND INORGANIC MATERIALS?
All materials are categorized as either organic or inorganic. Both can be either natural or synthetic.
Organic materials contain carbon. This means that they are made or extracted from living things such as animals and plants. These include wood, paper, textiles, and animal parts (ivory, bone, leather). Also, other natural materials that are not as obvious. For example, coal and fuel oil which are derived from fossilized plants and animals. It also includes some synthetic materials such as plastic which is made from chemicals extracted from plant and animal products. All organic materials deteriorate over time.
Inorganic materials simply do not contain carbon. This means they are made from rocks and minerals. some examples are stone, metals, ceramics, and glass, which are all made from rocks and minerals. Inorganic materials are generally stable individually, but can react with other materials to cause deterioration.

8. REVIEW: WHAT WE LEARNED
Q: Is CH4 an element, compound or mixture and is it organic or inorganic?
A: CH4 (Methane)is a compound because it is made up of two elements. It is organic because it contains carbon
Q: Why are elements the simplest form of matter?
A: An element consists of identical atoms that have the properties of the element itself
Q: How do homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures differ?
A: Homogeneous is when the mixture is uniform throughout and its component are distributed proportionately. Heterogeneous is when the mixture is made up of different component each with different properties.
Q:Is gold an element, compound or mixture and is it organic or inorganic?
A: Gold is an element because is made up of one type of atom and is inorganic because it does not contain carbon (obviously)
Q: Is soap an acid or a base?
A: Soap is slippery and has a bitter taste therefore it is a base.