2. by Fe Angela M. Verzosa Head, NCCA-NCLIS Understanding Library Leadership

3. 24 March 2003 Fe Angela M. Verzosa Overview Overview How members of the external environment view the effectiveness of the individual library leaders What changes in the organizational domain of the library relate to the effectiveness ratings of the library leader What activities effective library leaders perform in their relations with the library’s external environment

4. 24 March 2003 Fe Angela M. Verzosa Definition of Management Definition of Management “the exercise of responsibility for the effective use of the human, financial and other resources available to meet an organization’s objectives.”

5. 24 March 2003 Fe Angela M. Verzosa Definition of Leadership Definition of Leadership “We are unable to define leadership, but we seem to know it when we see it..” Henry Mintzberg, 1982

6. 24 March 2003 Fe Angela M. Verzosa Ingredients of an Effective Manager Leadership Vision Time management Effective Communication Public Relations I am competent! Self-knowledge Books or CDs I am great!

7. 24 March 2003 Fe Angela M. Verzosa Leadership 4 One dimension of the manager’s work, the exercise of social influence by infusing the organization with purpose and direction 4 in order to achieve its goals 4 One dimension of the manager’s work, the exercise of social influence by infusing the organization with purpose and direction 4 in order to achieve its goals

8. 24 March 2003 Fe Angela M. Verzosa Library leadership implies... Library leadership implies... 4 Library Director seeks to influence members of the parent organization to provide resources 4 to support expansion plans 4 to accept the goals of the library as valid and thus deserving of support 4 Library Director seeks to influence members of the parent organization to provide resources 4 to support expansion plans 4 to accept the goals of the library as valid and thus deserving of support

9. 24 March 2003 Fe Angela M. Verzosa 3 dimensions used to measure library leadership Leader activity Reputational effectiveness Management of organizational change

10. 24 March 2003 Fe Angela M. Verzosa Managerial role activities professional activities and involvement membership on community committees strategies for influencing the environment Leader qualities measured in terms of activity categories

11. Six managerial activities Six managerial activities 4 supervisor 4 Liaison 4 environment monitor 4 spokesperson 4 entrepreneur 4 resource allocator

12. 24 March 2003 Fe Angela M. Verzosa Supervisor Role Supervisor Role directing the work of subordinates integrating subordinates’ goals with library’s goals and objectives allocating human resources to tasks evaluating subordinate job performance resolving conflicts between subordinates providing new staff with training

13. 24 March 2003 Fe Angela M. Verzosa Liaison Role Liaison Role attending social functions for contacts attending conferences and meetings representing the library at formal / social functions staying attuned to informal communication networks developing contacts with people outside

14. 24 March 2003 Fe Angela M. Verzosa Environment Monitor Role Environment Monitor Role initiating new ideas for services and operations keeping up with professional trends/changes keeping up with technological developments scanning the environment for new opportunities to improve services/operations gathering information about users touring facilities to observe reading reports of other units / offices

15. 24 March 2003 Fe Angela M. Verzosa Entrepreneur Role Entrepreneur Role planning and implementing changes in the library initiating controlled change in the library solving problems by instituting needed changes in the library

16. 24 March 2003 Fe Angela M. Verzosa Spokesperson Role Spokesperson Role serving as an expert or advising people outside the library keeping others informed of the library’s plans and programs answering letters or inquiries on behalf of the library serving on committees, representing the library

17. 24 March 2003 Fe Angela M. Verzosa Resource Allocator Role Resource Allocator Role distributing budgeted resources preventing the loss of human or capital resources deciding which programs to provide resources to allocating equipment or materials obtaining adequate resources to administer library programs and build collections

18. 24 March 2003 Fe Angela M. Verzosa Changes in the organizational domain Changes in physical facilities Introduction of major automation Introduction of revenue- generating activities

19. 24 March 2003 Fe Angela M. Verzosa Changes in the organizational domain Changes in relationships with other community entities Internal organizational changes

20. 24 March 2003 Fe Angela M. Verzosa Reputational effectiveness Reputational effectiveness results from leader activities affected by the feedback that the external environment receives from the user environment

21. 24 March 2003 Fe Angela M. Verzosa Reputational effectiveness and professional involvement Years in managerial positions Libraries worked in Active involvement in continuing education Professional journals scanned / read Papers published / presented Association memberships University / school assignments

22. Key Leadership Types Reputational effectiveness Organizational change Leader activity Dimension Energizer Sustainer Politician Retiree High Low

23. 24 March 2003 Fe Angela M. Verzosa Profile: Energizer Profile: Energizer [ enjoys a high reputation [ dynamic as : l spokesperson l entrepreneur l resource allocator l supervisor [ career development is rapid [ low on professional involvement

24. 24 March 2003 Fe Angela M. Verzosa Profile: Sustainer Profile: Sustainer [ enjoys a high reputation [ dynamic as : l liaison l entrepreneur l resource allocator l supervisor [ cautious in introducing changes in organization [ focused on providing stable & comfortable leadership

25. 24 March 2003 Fe Angela M. Verzosa Profile: Politician [ enjoys a high visibility & therefore reputation [ dynamic only as entrepreneur [ active in professional and community involvement [ slow in introducing changes

26. 24 March 2003 Fe Angela M. Verzosa Profile:Retiree [ engages in limited leader activities [ held in low esteem by colleagues [ dynamic as resource allocator [ experiences little changes [ very high on professional involvement

27. 24 March 2003 Fe Angela M. Verzosa Understanding library leadership Innovation is a cyclical phenomenon. Periods of high innovation are followed by periods of sustained implementation and consolidation. Alternating cyclical behaviors may find some relevance in an organization’s life. Thus low-change Sustainers and Politicians have a crucial role as the ideal Energizer.

28. Summary What activities library leaders perform in their relations with the library’s environment to be effective How the effectiveness of the individual library leaders are perceived by members of the external environment What changes in the organizational domain of the library relate to the effectiveness ratings of the library leader