1. Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Introducing the Selections Informational Text Focus: Proposition and Support Writing Skills Focus: Preparing for Timed Writing Feature Menu

2. Imagine that your community is going to give a Citizen of the Year award. Make a list of qualities that you think a good citizen should have. Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 QuickWrite [End of Section]

3. Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Introducing the Selections What does it take to be a good citizen?

4. is born in the United States or a territory it controls is born in a foreign country but has least one parent who is a citizen Build Background People become U.S. citizens in several ways. Citizens include anyone who Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Foreign-born people whose parents are not citizens must move to the United States to become naturalized citizens.

5. Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Introducing the Selections American citizens possess certain rights. These rights allow people to make important choices every day. Speech Assembly Religion

6. Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Introducing the Selections To earn these rights and freedoms, people from other nations sometimes long to become citizens of the United States.

7. Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Introducing the Selections What are your First Amendment rights? What are naturalized citizens, and what can’t they do? These selections will help you answer these questions—and help you understand what it means to be a citizen of the United States. [End of Section]

8. Often, a writer’s job is to persuade you to do things. Join this!Order this!Buy this! Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Informational Text Focus: Proposition and Support

9. Read persuasive arguments carefully and critically. Evaluate the writer’s arguments to determine whether they are credible, or believable. I don’t think the author of this Web article uses good reasons to support her argument. Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Informational Text Focus: Proposition and Support

10. In persuasive writing, the writer states a proposition, or opinion, and then supports that opinion with reasons. Reasons answer the question “Why?” PROPOSITION reason Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Informational Text Focus: Proposition and Support

11. A writer may use several different kinds of reasons to support his or her proposition. factsstatisticsexamples expert opinions PROPOSITION Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Informational Text Focus: Proposition and Support

12. When you read a persuasive argument, evaluate each reason the writer gives. facts examples expert opinions statistics Do the reasons support the writer’s proposition? Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Informational Text Focus: Proposition and Support

13. Read, then listen to, the following excerpt from “What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?” by Frederick Douglass. I will, in the name of humanity, which is outraged, in the name of liberty, which is fettered, in the name of the Constitution and the Bible, which are disregarded and trampled upon, dare to call in question and to denounce, with all the emphasis I can command, everything that serves to perpetuate slavery—the great sin and shame of America! What proposition does Douglass make here? I will, in the name of humanity, which is outraged, in the name of liberty, which is fettered, in the name of the Constitution and the Bible, which are disregarded and trampled upon, dare to call in question and to denounce, with all the emphasis I can command, everything that serves to perpetuate slavery—the great sin and shame of America! Slavery is wrong and hurts America. Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Informational Text Focus: Proposition and Support

14. A fact is a true detail that may include the results of research or surveys. Writers support their propositions with reasons. Kinds of reasons include: Would you have me argue that man is entitled to liberty? That he is the rightful owner of his own body? You have already declared it. Here, Douglass refers to the fact that the Declaration of Independence makes these claims. facts Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Informational Text Focus: Proposition and Support

15. Statistics are facts in the form of numbers. There are seventy-two crimes in the state of Virginia, which, if committed by a black man... subject him to the punishment of death; while only two of these same crimes will subject a white man to like punishment. Douglass supports his argument with numbers that can be checked and verified. Writers support their propositions with reasons. Kinds of reasons include: statistics Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Informational Text Focus: Proposition and Support

16. An example is an instance that illustrates another reason or a fact.... we are reading, writing, and ciphering, acting as clerks, merchants, and secretaries, having among us lawyers, doctors, ministers, poets, authors, editors, orators, and teachers; that we are engaged in all the enterprises common to other men... Douglass lists examples of the skills and professions slaves do as well as white people. Writers support their propositions with reasons. Kinds of reasons include: examples Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Informational Text Focus: Proposition and Support

17. An expert opinion is a quotation from an expert in a given subject area. Writers support their propositions with reasons. Kinds of reasons include: expert opinions What kind of expert opinion might provide effective support to an argument against slavery? Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Informational Text Focus: Proposition and Support

18. [End of Section] Into Action: Complete a chart like this one for each article. First, identify the article’s proposition. Then, record examples of the types of support you discover. Example Fact Statistic Example “Twenty-two percent could name all five.” Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Informational Text Focus: Proposition and Support Type of Support Expert Opinion Proposition: ___________________________

19. Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Writing Skills Focus: Think as a Reader/Writer As you read, look for ways the writers signal that they are providing support. Write down these signals in a notebook. Preparing for Timed Writing factsstatisticsexamples expert opinions

20. Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Writing Skills Focus: Think as a Reader/Writer For example, an expert opinion might begin with a description of the speaker’s background. [End of Section] A statistic might be stated as “More than two thirds.” Preparing for Timed Writing

21. Vocabulary

22. Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Vocabulary majority n.: larger part of something. minority n.: smaller part of something. suffrage n.: right to vote. Don’t Know Much About Liberty Left Out in ’08

23. Years ago, most school classrooms were filled with rows of desks bolted to the floor. The majority of classrooms were designed to keep order. Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Vocabulary

24. The majority of today’s classrooms are filled with movable furniture and instructional equipment. Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Vocabulary

25. The candidate who earns the majority of votes a.loses the election. b.demands a recount. c.wins the election. Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Vocabulary

26. The candidate who earns the majority of votes a.loses the election. b.demands a recount. c.wins the election. Who is in the majority in your classroom, the girls or the boys? Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Vocabulary

27. In this container, darker, free- range eggs are in the minority. There are fewer darker, free- range eggs. Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Vocabulary

28. Which animal photo shows a kitten in the minority? a.b.c. Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Vocabulary

29. Which animal photo shows a kitten in the minority? c. If there were three kittens, would they still be in the minority? Why or why not? Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Vocabulary

30. Suffrage is so important that people have fought and died for it. Why is the right to vote in political elections so important? Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Vocabulary Who has suffrage in the United States?

31. In the United States, women didn’t have suffrage before 1920. In other words, women before 1920 a.were forced to vote for the same candidates as their husbands. b.were not allowed to talk about politics. c.were not allowed to vote. Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Vocabulary

32. In the United States, women didn’t have suffrage before 1920. In other words, women before 1920 a.were forced to vote for the same candidates as their husbands. b.were not allowed to talk about politics. c.were not allowed to vote. Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Vocabulary [End of Section]

33. The End

34. QuickWrite

35. Build Background

36. Some people worried that the original Constitution did not do enough to protect people’s individual freedoms. In response, the Bill of Rights was added to make sure that the new U.S. government protected individual rights. freedom of the press freedom of speech Build Background freedom of religion freedom of assemblyfreedom to petition the government Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08

37. can lose their citizenship cannot become president or vice president Build Background Only two differences exist between naturalized and native-born citizens. Naturalized citizens Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08 Many famous Americans have been naturalized citizens, including scientist Albert Einstein and former secretary of state Madeleine Albright. [End of Section]

38. Read with a Purpose

39. Read these selections to find out what basic rights are guaranteed by the Constitution and Bill of Rights. [End of Section] Don’t Know Much About Liberty and Left Out in '08