1. Population Increase in Mexico

2. Demographic Stages

3. Pre-industrial o o harsh living conditions o o birth rates high high infant mortality rates children in family used as work force (free labor) lack of education about birth control/family planning cultural & religious factors – favor large families women marry young, begin reproducing at early end of reproductive age range few other options for women o o death rates high famines, wars, plagues (infectious, epidemic disease) (see list at end) o o modest (little) population growth

4. Transitional o o industrialization begins o o food production rises o o cleaner water supplies o o health care improves. o o death rates drop and o o birth rates remain high o o population grows rapidly

5. Industrial Stage o o Industrialization is wide spread o o birth rate drops and eventually approaches death rate o o population growth is slow o o decline in birth rate due to: better access to birth control decline in infant mortality rate increased job opportunities for women increased educational opportunities high cost of raising children (who may not enter work force until after high school or college)

6. Postindustrial o o Post Industrial Stage Low birth and death rates Population growth very slow o o The birth rate declines even further, equaling the death rate and thus reaching zero population growth. o o Then, the birth rate falls below the death rate and the total population size slowly decreases.

7. Factors that Reduce Death Rates o o Increased food supplies – led to better nutrition o o Improvements in food storage o o Advancements in medicine (treatment of disease) 1942 – manufacturing process for a type of Penicillin was invented 1945 – Nobel Prize for medicine given to Fleming, Florey, and Chain for their work on penicillin. o o Improvements in public health immunizations prenatal & neonatal care o o Improved sanitation (waste removal) o o Safer water supplies (stops spread of infectious diseases, directly related to improved sanitation) o o

8. US Population o o Between 1865 and 1890 a great wave of immigrants came to the U.S., mostly from northwest Europe (especially England, Ireland, Wales, Germany, and Scandinavia). (www.encyclope dia.com) o o Between 1890 and 1914, 15 million people immigrated to the U.S., mostly coming from eastern and southern Europe (Poland, Russia, Ukraine, Slovakia, Croatia, Slovenia, Hungary, Greece, Rumania, and Italy). (www.encyclope dia.com) o o According to the 1900 census, with an official enumeration date of June 1, 1900, the U.S. population was 76,212,168. (www.1900census.com)

9. US Population o o Natural increases (birth minus deaths) and immigration are the two contributing factors to U.S. population growth.