2. Chemistry: The Study of Matter

3. Matter: Anything that has mass and takes up space (has volume). solids gases liquids

4. Properties of Matter, and How Matter Changes

5. What are some properties of this object? -Green -Wax -Cylindrical -8 cm tall -3 cm wide -It Burns -Melts at 75 o C

6. Properties Extensive Properties Properties describing the mass, shape and dimensions of a particular piece of matter. Properties focusing on the substance. Intensive Properties

7. What are some properties of this object? -Green -Wax -Cylindrical -8 cm tall -3 cm wide -It Burns -Melts at 75 o C Extensive Intensive O O O O O O O

8. Brittle Extensive or Intensive?

9. Properties Two kinds of intensive properties: Physical Chemical

10. Physical Properties Characteristics that do not change the chemical identity Examples: Color Density Maleability Ductility Conductivity electrical / heat Melting / Boiling points Solubility Refractive Index Crystal Structure Reflectivity Sound Transfer

11. Chemical Properties A characteristic of a material that involves a chemical change Examples: Decomposition Burning Oxidation (ie: rust) Reacts with Water Reacts with Acids/Bases Toxic What does it react with and how does it react?

12. Changes Two ways matter can change: Physical Chemical

13. Physical Changes A change in the form of matter, but not its chemical identity Changes of state (phase changes): solid - - - - - - - liquid - - - - - - - - - gas melting ---> boiling/vaporizing freezing <--- condensation -------> s u b l i m a t i o n -------> <------- d e p o s i t i o n <------- Dissolving in any liquid

14. Chemical Changes (A Chemical Reaction) One or more kinds of matter are transformed into a new kind (or several new kinds) of matter. It involves the breaking and/or forming of chemical bonds between atoms.

15. Chemical Changes (A Chemical Reaction) Indicators for a chemical reaction: A new substance is formed (new intensive properties) Can not “undo” the change (often times) Heat is given off or absorbed

16. Types of Properties ExtensiveIntensive PhysicalChemical Types of Changes PhysicalChemical new substance is formed phase changes dissolving

17. Review: Intensive or Extensive 1)It is green. 2)It is one mile long. 3)It bursts into flames when heated in air. 4)It is triangular. 5)It glows in the dark. 6)It boils at 100 o C

18. Review: Chemical or Physical 1) Plastic heating up in the sun and turning into a liquid. 2)Slimy egg whites heating up and turning into a white solid. 3)Bread turning into toast. 4)Solid sugar being stirred into water and “disappearing”. 5)Water vapor in the air, forming solid frost on your windshield.