1. Biotechnology How scientists can change an organism’s DNA

2. In Vitro Fertilization Definition: a way for organisms to have babies that are biologically their own. Procedure: Take an egg cell from the mom Take a sperm cell from the dad Combine the sperm and egg in a petri dish and let it combine and grow into an embryo. Put the embryo(s) back into the mom. What is created: a normal baby Examples:

3. Cloning Definition: Creating an organism that is genetically identical to another organism Procedure: Take a fertilized egg cell and remove the nucleus and discard it. Take a body cell from the organism you want to clone and place it’s nucleus into the egg cell. Put the egg cell into a mommy and it will grow into a clone. What is created: A new baby, with the same DNA as the organism that you cloned. Examples: Click and Clone

4. Genetically Modified Organisms Definition: when you take DNA from one organism and put it into another organism Procedure: Take an organism Take a gene you want to add to the organism and put it into a virus. Infect the organism with the virus and the gene will jump into the organism’s DNA. What is created: An organism that has traits from another organism. Examples: Gene Transfer Video what are scientists genetically modifying?

5. Gene Therapy Definition: take a good copy of a gene, put it into an organism and it takes over the bad copy Procedure: Take someone that has a genetic disorder and find the problem gene Take a healthy copy of that gene and put it into a virus. Infect the person with the disorder with the virus and the healthy gene will jump into their DNA. What is created: a person free of a disease/disorder Examples: Space Doctor