1. Streaming and Mainstreaming in English Language Teaching

2. Historical background

3. STREAMING The school systems have been making a distinction between children on the basis of “academic attainment” and pupils were allocated to different levels or schools.  Level A : More academically confident students  Level B : Less academically students

4. STREAMING Level A: Selected for advancement “Successes” Level B: Selected-out of advancement “Failures” Self-Fulfilling Prophecy

5. Mainstreaming T he concept of Mainstreaming first came into prominence after the UN 3 rd Conference on Women, held in Nairobi in 1985.

6. It refers to: Religion belief Political opinion Racial group Age Marital status Disability & Dependants

7. It has been decided that the European Union will be represented by all the languages. Languages reflect the culture of each country. The European Union respects the diversity of cultures.

8. MAINSTREAMING The practice of placing students with educational and/or physical disabilities in general education classes. Inclusion : Ενσωμάτωση

9. How does MAINSTREAMING affect students?

10. It has a positive effect on ALL students. Students without disabilities benefit by learning to be patient with children who need extra help in class. Students accept and value the difference in their classmates and have enhanced Self-Esteem and develop a genuine capacity for friendship. Students learn, first hand, that everyone has different needs as well as different strengths. The classroom becomes a place where differences are respected and everyone’s needs attended to, and everyone strengths and talents are appreciated. HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT

11. INCLUSIVITY in the educational process is fundamental to promoting a fuller idea of CITIZENSHIP within the school curriculum and linking with LIFE-LONG LEARNING citizenship.

12. How can we apply MAINSTREAMING in our classroom ?

13. Developing team teaching (mixed groups). LEARNER AUTONOMY APPROACH help students take charge of their learning. Introdution of Learner-centered principles PEER-TUTORING (mentoring)

14. WAYS TO FRAME INSTRUCTIONS Obtain as much background information as possible about your learners through home language surveys, student files, etc.Obtain as much background information as possible about your learners through home language surveys, student files, etc. Be aware of culturally biased or irrelevant content.Be aware of culturally biased or irrelevant content.

15. Language accuracy is not as important. Specific problematic aspects of language will improve through time and practice.Language accuracy is not as important. Specific problematic aspects of language will improve through time and practice. Use alternative assessments and monitor frequently through checks for learning / understandingUse alternative assessments and monitor frequently through checks for learning / understanding WAYS TO FRAME INSTRUCTIONS

16. Four levels of impact Level 4 AWARENESS Level 3 APPRECIATION Level 2 ENGAGEMENT Level 1 INFLUENCE

17. supports teachers