1. Presented by Sarah Boettner PCC LSW
Using a Cognitive Behavioral Intervention in Residential and Community Settings
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Presented by
Sarah Boettner PCC LSW

2. About Volunteers of America of Greater Ohio
There are no limits to caring.®
About Volunteers of America of Greater Ohio
Serves individuals, families and communities of:
Cleveland
Columbus
Cincinnati
Dayton
Mansfield
Toledo
Services include:
Affordable Housing
Permanent Supportive Housing
Homeless Services
Veterans Services
Employment & Job Training
Correctional Services
Thrift Stores
Locally, Volunteers of America of Greater Ohio serves 75 of the 88 counties in Ohio including the metro areas of Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus, Dayton and Mansfield.
[Walk through services by location or type.]

3. Interventions for corrections population: Past and Present
Ineffective
Talking cures
Non-directive, client centered
Target non-criminogenic needs
Exploring childhood and unconscious
Medical model
Vague and unstructured
Effective
Action oriented
Directive
Target criminogenic needs
Target current risk factors
Enhance self-efficacy and responsibility
Structure..structure…structure

4. The Four Principles of Cognitive Intervention
Thinking affects behavior
Antisocial, distorted, unproductive irrational thinking can lead to antisocial and unproductive behavior
Thinking can be influenced
We can change how we feel and behave by changing what we think

5. Three Principles of Effective Intervention
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Three Principles of Effective Intervention
Risk
Tells us WHO to target.
Target higher risk offenders
Need
Tells us WHAT to target.
Address criminogenic needs identified by assessment
Responsivity
Tells us HOW to target the interventions to each individual.
Identify specific barriers to overcome so the offender gets the most benefit from the interventions.

6. Targeting Criminogenic Need: Results from Meta-Analyses
Reduction in Recidivism
Increase in Recidivism
Source: Gendreau, P., French, S.A., and A.Taylor (2002). What Works (What Doesn’t Work) Revised Invited Submission to the International Community Corrections Association Monograph Series Project

7. Effective Intervention = CBT
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Effective Intervention = CBT
The cognitive-behavioral model of interventions have been proven to be the most effective in reducing recidivism
Thinking controls behavior
Restructure thoughts to change behavior
Identify risky thinking
Challenge the risky thinking
Replace with alternative prosocial thoughts
Thoughts and beliefs are really about how we INTERPRET a certain situation—so what do we tell ourselves about that situation?
To change behavior through cog restructuring, one has to (1) identify the irrational thinking; (2) challenge that thinking in a respectful way, i.e. point out inconsistencies with the thought and reality, or how that thought might be harmful to others; (3) help the participant to replace that problem thought with a more rational thought.
Use an example—this one or an alternative. So—for an offender who tells himself that it’s ok to use cocaine because he’s not hurting anyone—one might challenge that thinking by training that person to tell himself “My using has hurt myself and my family”

8. Lessons Learned from the Research
Who you put in a program is important – pay attention to risk
What you target is important – pay attention to criminogenic needs
How you target offender for change is important – use behavioral approaches

9. Lessons Learned from the Research
Offender assessment is the engine that drives effective programs
helps you know who & what to target
Design programs around empirical research
helps you know how to target offenders
Program Integrity make a difference
Service delivery, disruption of criminal networks, training/supervision of staff, support for program, QA, evaluation

10. Behavior Chain Cognitive Behavioral Interventions
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Cognitive Behavioral Interventions
Behavior Chain

11. Cognitive Behavioral intervention tools: Behavior Chain
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Cognitive Behavioral intervention tools: Behavior Chain
Walk through the components of the behavior chain, and then use an example to ensure participants understand the basic tenants of the CBT model.
Consider using a non-offender situation to explore behavior chain, i.e., situation=a snake slithers in the room or late for work—leads to speeding.
Goal should be to link thinking with actions…

12. Cognitive Behavioral intervention tools: Behavior Chain
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Cognitive Behavioral intervention tools: Behavior Chain
Situation
The activating event, or invitation to respond.
What happened before the target behavior?
Helps identify a pattern of risky situations.
Thoughts
Immediate and un-censored thoughts that stem from the situation.
Identifies core beliefs and values that drive the behavior
Feelings
One word description of the physical reaction/ sensation associated with the thought.

13. Cognitive Behavioral intervention tools: Behavior Chain
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Cognitive Behavioral intervention tools: Behavior Chain
Action
What they did in response to that situation
Consequences
Positive and negative consequences
Internal and external
There are positive outcomes to a negative behavior
Helps predict what outcome will be to similar situations

14. Behavior Chain: Example & Practice
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Behavior Chain: Example & Practice

15. Application & Barriers
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Application & Barriers
Who are our clients? (Describe them)
What barriers might they experience to hinder success?
What needs do they have that we could use the behavior chain to address?
What barriers to you face when working with your clients?
What tips do you have that have helped you help your client?

16. What is our role? WHO- all of us
WHERE- incarceration, residential, community
WHAT- programming, teaching new skills
WHY-reduce recidivism
HOW-teamwork and consistency

17. www.voago.org For more information There are no limits to caring.®
Ending slide to keep up during questions or closing remarks.