1. Five Essential Elements for Future Regional Optical Networks Harold Snow Sr. Systems Architect, CTO Group

2. Confidential 1 Agenda  Five Essential Elements – Harold Snow, Meriton Networks  Reconfigurability  Pay as You Grow Scalability  Aggregation and Sub-Wavelength Switching  Multi-Degree Operation  Automated Network Planning and Management Systems  Internet2 Network Discussion – Christian Todorov, Internet2  Q & A

3. Confidential 2 The Transition to 21 st Century Transport Networking  20 th Century Fundamentally changing the value model of the transport infrastructure  Switching of connections (Subrate λ paths and full λ paths)  Transmission of bits  Closed OADM ring  Separation of Ethernet Aggregation layer and Optical domain  Multi-ring access and multi-degree switching  Convergence of the Ethernet- Optical layer  21 st Century

4. Confidential 3 Reconfigurability  R&E Network environment presents unique challenges:  Permanent Circuits  Dynamic Circuits  Years, Months, Weeks, …  End-to-End circuits, and/or attachment to intermediate Routers  GigE, 10GigE, 40Gbps, 100Gbps, …  Mostly, it’s about creating Ethernet paths through the optical network  Need circuit connectivity that is:  Cost Effective across capacity range  Agile

5. Confidential 4 Optical Reconfigurability Site N Site 1 Site 3 Site 5 Site 7 D C B B A A D C C-C Initially between Site 3 and Site 5  Change Circuit to go between Site 3 and Site 7 Wavelength Selective Switch (WSS) facilitates switching in Optical Domain Requires transponder equipment at endpoints only All other nodes unchanged Saves Cost Saves Churn Site 2 Site 4 Site 6 C

6. Confidential 5 Pay as You Grow Scalability: “Spot” Upgrades A-A Initially at 10Gbps  Upgrade to 40Gbps C-C Initially at 1 x 10Gbps  Upgrade to 2 x 10Gbps B-B  Add New Circuit WSS Optical Switching requires equipment changes at endpoints only All other nodes unchanged Saves Cost, Churn Capacity is added where it is needed, when it is needed… Site N Site 1 Site 3 Site 5 Site 7 D C B B A A D C Site 2 Site 4 Site 6 The overall capacity of the ring has been increased

7. Confidential 6 Network Efficiency: Sub-Wavelength Aggregation ADM-on-a-Wavelength Transponders incorporate standards compliant ADM functionality on a pair of line-cards  Effective utilization of every wavelength (per wavelength, VC3/STS-1 level grooming)  Add/Drop or optically bypass any aggregation wavelength at any node  Dramatic Reduction in the amount of equipment  Sub- s are “Virtual Wavelengths” for lower-rate circuits (GigE)  9 x Full GigE per 10G ADM terminal is replaced by a pair of E-W transponders ADM ring becomes a wavelength in the WDM ring Stacked ADM Rings e.g. 40 boxes  4 10 NEs/ site

8. Confidential 7 Beyond Two Degrees Example: Multiple Rings AB A C C A B How to do this effectively while retaining values of: Dynamic Reconfigurability Non-Blocking “Virtual Lambda” efficiencies 10G 1G

9. Confidential 8 Multi-Degree Operation Wavelength and Sub-Wavelength Switch Multi-degree OEO switching and Optical Switching functionality integrated on one platform Non-blocking switching of Full- Wavelengths and Sub- “Virtual Wavelengths” between fiber degrees Not limited to 4 Degrees Enables Layer Optical Mesh… & Sub- Switch Optical & Sub- Switch Optical & Sub- Switch

10. Confidential 9 A Flexible Optical Layer  On Demand Ethernet Optical Paths through the Transport Layer  Via IP/MPLS Layer  Flexibility  Direct end-to-end  Low latency & low jitter  Predictable QoS  Off-load Routers End-to-End path management of individual GigE optical paths IP/MPLS Agile Optical Layer Real-time Computing Center Ethernet 10GigE GigEs 10GigE Public Internet Universities, Labs, etc. General Batch Computing & Storage

11. Confidential 10 Looking Forward…  Most if not all of the network traffic will become Ethernet based  Can we leverage some flexibility and cost advantages by aggregating and sub- switching at the Ethernet layer?  Use Ethernet as a “Tunnel Support” protocol  Creates “circuit orientated” end to end Ethernet tunnels  Single service facilitation methodology for service delivery  Precedent set with IP core networks where MPLS is used  Range of standards based Tunnel methodologies under discussion in ITU Transport Study Group  PBB-TE  T-MPLS

12. Confidential 11 Vision: Converged Ethernet Optical Network Wavelength Switching Sub- Wavelength Switching Ethernet Tunnel Switching C/DWDM fiber pairsGrey interfaces: GigE/10GigE, STM-n/OC-n From any port, wavelength, or Ethernet tunnel To any other port, wavelength, or Ethernet tunnel. Multi-degree wavelength transport and switching via OEO and WSS Layer 1-based Ethernet Sub Wavelength Switching Layer 2 Ethernet Switching ++ … in a single carrier-class platform Integrated Service Switching for Future R&E Networks

13. Confidential 12 Automated Network Planning System Optical layer design  GUI based interface  Auto-insert nodes & spans  Calculate OSNR, nonlinearities & dispersion penalties  Allocate equipment Traffic planning  Input services via drag and drop  Calculate most efficient use of wavelengths and capacity  Minimize cost and/or resource usage  Import/Export capability Design Networks in Minutes

14. Confidential 13 Network Management System 1.Simplify Routine Functions  Integrated with network and element management functions  Point-and-click Lightpath provisioning  Operator-Selected Routing and...  Automatic Lightpath Routing  End-to-end lightpath protection  Non-disruptive Live Routing Changes 2.Reduce Errors  Auto-discovery of equipment, topology, and connections  Automatically detect fiber cabling errors 3.Provide Advanced, Time-Saving Features  Performance management  Remote loop-back management  Single view for all equipment

15. Confidential 14 Summary  Reconfigurability  Any Circuit, Anywhere, On Demand…  Pay as you Grow Scalability  Incur cost and churn only When and Where it is required  Future-proof for Higher Capacities  Network Efficiency  Effective use of capacity for lower rate (Sub-Wavelength) circuits  Multi-Degree Operation  Non-Blocking operation for > 2 Degrees  Support for Sub-Wavelength circuits  Network Planning and Management  Simplified Creation and Operation of the Network  Optically Engineered for future lambda rates  Point-and-Click GUI

16. Confidential 15 Christian Todorov, Internet2

17. Confidential 16 Questions? Thank You