1. Psychology November 29, 2011 Warm Up
Complete the Emotional Intelligence Analysis. Read the directions carefully. We will discuss the results and how you should analyze your results.

2. Goal 10 – Measurement of Intelligence
Psychologists have different kinds of intelligences tests. To be useful, the tests must be reliable and valid.
What are the two most widely used intelligence tests?
How are test reliability and validity measured?
What are some controversies and problems associated with intelligence testing?

3. Two Intelligence Tests
Stanford-Binet Scale
Originally created to identify children with special needs.
Binet assumed intelligence increased with age.
Yields a mental age or the intellectual level/age at which a child is functioning.
Example – A child with the MA of 6 is functioning at the age of a six year old, even if they are not 6.
The Binet test came to the US in 1919 to Stanford University. (ie. The Stanford-Binet Scale)
Today’s version provides an intellectual quotient (IQ) or a number that reflects a person’s mental age and his/her actual chronological age.

4. Stanford Binet Intelligence Chart
Age Level
Sample Item 1
Sample Item 2
2 Years
Children know basic vocabulary. When instructed they can point to hands, or other body parts on a doll.
Children can match a model by building a tower out of four blocks.
4 years
Children show language and classifying ability by filling in missing words.
“My father is a man, my mother is a ____________.
Children generally understand and answer questions such as “Why do people have cars?”
9 Years
Children can point out absurdities such as “Sally has a bike with square wheels. What’s silly about that?
Children show language ability to respond to queries such as “What number rhymes with sea?”
Adult
Adults show vocabulary knowledge and conceptual thinking by explaining the differences between word pairs such as “glory” and “honor”
Adults show spatial questions such as “If a car turned to the left to head south, in what direction was it headed before it turned?”

5. The Wechsler Scales
More widely used, even though Stanford Binet is the “classic” version.
Consists of several subtests that each measure a different intellectual skill.
Both tests require reasoning abilities.
Uses the term IQ, but it does not mean mental age, and is better for identifying learning disabilities.

6. The Wechsler’s Test – Verbal Subtests
General Information
How many legs does a dog have?
How many nickels have a quarter?
What is ice made of?
Who wrote Harry Potter?
What is salt?
Similarities
How are a wolf and fox alike?
How are a saw and hammer alike?
How are a day and a week alike?
How are a circle and square alike?
General Comprehension
What should you do if you see someone forgot their coat when she leaves a restaurant?
Why does some food need to be stored in the refrigerator?
Why is copper often used in electrical wires?
Vocabulary
1. This test consists simply of asking “What is a ___________?” Or “What does ___________ mean?” The words cover a wide range of difficulty.
Arithmetic
Sam had two pieces of fruit and Joe gave him four more pieces. How many pieces of fruit did Sam have now?
Four women divided 12 eggs equally among themselves. How many eggs did each person receive?
If two buttons cost 20 cents, how much would a dozen buttons cost?

7. Reliability and Validity
Reliability – is the test consistent?
It must give highly similar scores every time it is used.
An individual should receive the similar scores, at multiple testing sessions.
Validity – does it measure what it’s suppose to measure?
Scores should be able to predict success in school and jobs.

8. Controversies and Problems
In the beginning many saw intelligence testing as a way to improve society and a movement began to move the “most intelligent” people to the highest positions. They also wanted to reduce the numbers of least intelligent people.
In the US intelligent tests were used to determine which immigrants were allowed into the country.
Nazis used intelligence tests to determine who was “mentally defective” and should be sterilized.

9. Controversies and Problems
Other controversies suggest IQ tests give particular groups (cultural based) an advantage over others because they were created by that group.
In theory, tests should be free from cultural bias, but the challenge is to develop questions to develop a skill regardless of culture.
Problems – Intelligence tests are not perfect.
Some people are better test takers, other factors such as education and economical status effect scores.

10. Creating a New Test
You and a partner will create questions to use on Wechsler’s Intelligence Test.
You should each write your questions down.
You will add 3-5 new questions each section of the Wechsler’s Intelligence test from slide 6.
We are only looking at the verbal subtests, but there are performance subtests as well.