1. MANY ANTI-FEDERALISTS CRITICIZED THE CONSTITUTION BECAUSE THEY BELIEVED THAT IT
A. DID NOT CREATE A STRONG CENTRAL GOVERNMENT
B. SHOULD INCLUDE A BICAMERAL LEGISLATURE
C. DID NOT ADEQUATELY PROTECT INDIVIDUAL LIBERTIES
D. SHOULD BE MORE SPECIFIC ABOUT THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
E. DID NOT SPECIFICALLY DEFINE THE POWERS OF JUDICIAL REVIEW

2. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS A CHECK THAT THE PRESIDENT HAS ON THE JUDICIARY?
A. HE MAY ALTER THE STRUCTURE OF THE COURT SYSTEM
B. HE HAS THE POWER TO APPOINT FEDERAL JUDGES
C. HE HAS THE POWER TO REMOVE FEDERAL JUDGES
D. HE DECIDES THE LENGTH OF THEIR TERMS OF OFFICE
E. HE MAY CHALLENGE JUDICIAL DECISIONS BY REFERRING THEM TO CONGREE FOR A VOTE

3. IN CONTRAST TO CATEGORICAL GRANTS, BLOCK GRANTS ALLOW CONGRESS
A. MORE CONTROL OVER HOW STATES SPEND FEDERAL GRANT MONEY
B. LESS CONTROL OVER HOW STATES SPEND FEDERAL GRANT MONEY
C. TO MAKE LARGER OVERALL GRANTS TO STATES
D. MORE DISCRETION IN TERMS OF WHETHER OR NOT MANDATES RECEIVE FEDERAL FUNDING
E. MORE CONTROL OVER HOW STATES FUND EDUCATION PROGRAMS

4. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS A POWER EXPRESSLY GRANTED TO THE PRESIDENT IN ARTICLE II OF THE CONSTITUTION?
A. EXECUTIVE PRIVILEGE
B. THE LINE ITEM VETO
C. IMPOUNDMENT OF FUNDS
D. THE RIGHT TO INITIATE LEGISLATION
E. COMMANDER IN CHIEF OF THE ARMED FORCES

5. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS A CONCURRENT POWER OF BOTH THE NATIONAL AND STATE GOVERNMENTS?
A. REGULATION OF INTERSTATE COMMERCE
B. THE RIGHT TO MOBILIZE AN ARMY
C. TAXATION OF EXPORTS
D. ESTABLISHMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF COURT SYSTEMS
E. DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH FOREIGN NATIONS

6. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING POWERS DOES THE CONSTITUTION GRANT TO THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES?
TO RATIFY TREATIES SIGNED BY THE PRESIDENT
TRY THE PRESIDENT AFTER THE SENATE HAS IMPEACHED HIM
TO CONFIRM MAJOR PRESIDENTIAL APPOINTMENTS
TO ORIGINATE ALL BILLS OF REVENUE
TO VOTE ON LAWS DECLARED UNCONSTITUTIONAL BY THE COURTS

7. A PRESIDENTIAL VETO OF A LEGISLATIVE BILL MAY BE OVERRIDDEN BY
A. A 2/3 VOTE OF EITHER HOUSE OF CONGRESS
B. 5 OF 9 SUPREME COURT JUSTICES
C. A MAJORITY OF BOTH HOUSES OF CONGRESS
D. A 2/3 VOTE OF BOTH HOUSES OF CONGRESS
E. A LEGISLAIVE VETO

8. THE 10th AMENDMENT TO THE CONSTITUTION HAS BEEN INTERPRETED BY THE SUPREME COURT TO
A. PREVENT STATES FROM TAXING AGENCIES OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
B. RESERVE POWERS TO THE STATES
C. RESTRICT THE APPLICATION OF JUDICIAL REVIEW
D. ALLOW FOR THE BURNING OF THE FLAG AS AN EXPRESSION OF PROTEST
E. LIMIT THE USE OF THE LEGISLATIVE VETO

9. THE PROCEDURE FOR FORMALLY AMENDING THE CONSTITUTION BEST ILLUSTRATES WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING?
A. THE DOMINANCE OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT OVER THE STATE GOVERNMENTS
B. THE DOMINANCE OF THE STATE GOVERNMENTS OVER THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
C. THE FOUNDING FATHERS’ DESIRE TO FACILITATE RAPID CONSTITUTIONAL REVISIONS
D. THE SUPREME COURT’S POWER TO REVIEW CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS
E. THE FEDERAL STRUCTURE OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT

10. STATES AND LOCALITIES HAVE THE MOST DISCRETION IN ESTABLISHING POLICY WHEN FEDERAL FUNDING IS DERIVED FROM
A. CATEGORICAL GRANTS
B. MATCHING FUNDS
C. BLOCK GRANTS
D. PROJECT GRANTS
E. GRANTS-IN-AID

11. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS TRUE UNDER THE SYSTEM OF CHECKS AND BALANCES?
A. THE SUPREME COURT CAN OVERRULE THE PRESIDENT’S POLICY PROPOSALS
B. THE SENATE MUST RATIYFY TREATIES NEGOTIATED BY THE PRESIDENT BEFORE THEY BECOME LAW
C. A BILL BECOMES LAW WHEN THE HOUSE AND SENATE PASS IT, AND THE SUPREME COURT DECLARES IT CONSTITUTIONAL
D. THE SUPREME COURT CAN REMOVE MEMBERS OF CONGRESS, AND CONGRESS CAN IMPEACH THE PRESIDENT
E. THE HOUSE APPOINTS THE JUSTICES TO THE SUPREME COURT AND THE SENATE APPROVES THE APPOINTMENTS

12. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WAS THE MOST IMPORTANT EFFECT OF REPLACING THE ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION WITH THE CONSTITUTION OF 1787?
A. THE PROTECTION OF FREE SPEECH
B. THE GUARANTEE OF STATES’ RIGHTS
C. THE ESTABLISHMENT OF DIRECT DEMOCRACY
D. THE CREATION OF A STRONG CENTRAL GOVERNMENT
E. THE ESTABLISHMENT OF JUDICIAL REVIEW

13. A MAJOR DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVE AND THE SENATE IS THAT
A. FILIBUSTERS ARE ONLY POSSIBLE IN THE HOUSE
B. REVENUE BILLS MUST ORIGINATE IN THE SENATE
C. JUDICIAL NOMINATIONS ORIGINATE IN THE HOUSE
D. EACH STATE HAS EQUAL REPRESENTATION IN THE HOUSE BUT NOT THE SENATE
E. THERE IS UNLIMITED DEBATE IN THE SENATE BUT NOT THE HOUSE

14. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS AN EXAMPLE OF CHECKS AND BALANCES, AS ESTABLISHED BY THE CONSTITUTION?
A. A REQUIREMENT THE STATES LOWER THEIR LEGAL DRINKING AGE TO 18 AS A CONDITION FOR RECEIVING FEDERAL FUNDS THROUGH FEDERAL HIGHWAY GRANT PROGRAMS
B. MEDIA CRITICISM OF PUBLIC OFFICIALS DURING AN ELECTION CAMPAIGN PERIOD
C. THE SUPREME COURT’S ABILITY TO OVERTURN A LOWER COURT DECISION
D. THE REQUIREMENT THAT PRESIDENTIAL APPOINTMENTS TO THE SUPREME BE APPROVED BY THE SENATE.
E. THE ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT BY THE ELECTORAL COLLEGE RATHER THAN BY DIRECT ELECTION

15. THE IMPORTANCE OF SHAYS’ REBELLION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION WAS THAT IT
A. REVEALED THE NECESSITY OF BOTH ADDING THE BILL OF RIGHTS TO THE CONSTITUTION AND CREATING A NEW SYSTEM OF CHECKS AND BALANCES
B. DEMONSTRATED THE INTENSITY OF ANTIRATIFICATION SENTIMENT WITHIN THE THIRTEEN STATES
C. INDICATED THAT A STRONG, CONSTITUTIONALLY DESIGNED NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WAS NEEDED TO PROTECT PROPERY AND MAINTAIN ORDER
D. CONVINCED THE DELEGATES ATTENDING THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION TO ACCEPT THE CONNECTICUT PLAN
E. REINFORCED THE IDEA THAT SLAVERY SHOULD BE OUTLAWED IN THE NEW CONSTITUTION

16. IN A FEDERAL SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT, POLITICAL POWER IS PRIMARILY
A. VESTED IN LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
B. VESTED IN THE REGIONAL GOVERNMENTS
C. VESTED IN THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT
D. DIVIDED BETWEEN THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT AND REGIONAL GOVERNMENTS
E. DIVIDED BETWEEN REGIONAL GOVERNMENTS AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS

17. WHICH THE FOLLOWING ACTIONS CAN CONGRESS TAKE IF THE SUPREME COURT FINDS A FEDERAL LAW UNCONSTITUTIONAL?
A. APPEAL THE COURT’S DECISION TO THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA’S COURT OF APPEALS
B. FORMALLY REQUEST THE PRESIDENT TO VETO THE COURT’S DECISION
C. REMOVE CERTAIN MEMBERS OF THE COURT AND REPLACE THEM WITH NEW MEMBERS
D. TRY TO AMEND THE CONSTITUTION
E. REENACT THE SAME LAW

18. IN McCULLOCH V. MARYLAND, THE SUPREME COURT ESTABLISHED WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PRINCIPLES?
A. STATES CANNOT INTERFERE WITH OR TAX THE LEGITIMATE ACTIVITIES OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
B. THE JUDICIAL BRANCH CANNOT INTERFERE IN POLITICAL DISPUTES BETWEEN THE PRESIDENT AND CONGRESS
C. THE FEDERAL BILL OF RIGHTS PLACES NO LIMITATIONS ON THE STATES
D. THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT HAS THE POWER TO REGULATE COMMERCE
E. IT IS WITHIN THE JUDICIARY’S AUTHORITY TO INTERPRET THE CONSTITUTION

19. THE RESERVED POWERS OF THE STATE GOVERNMENTS CAN BEST BE DESCRIBED AS THOSE POWERS
A. NOT SPECIFICALLY GRANTED TO THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT OR DENIED TO THE STATES
B. IMPLIED IN THE 5th AMENDMENT
C. LISTED SPECIFICALLY IN THE 10th AMENDMENT
D. EXERCISED BY BOTH NATIONAL AND STATE GOVERNMENTS
E. GRANTED TO STATES AS PART OF THE IMPLIED POWERS DOCTRINE

20. THE FRAMERS OF THE CONSTITUTION ALL BELIEVED THAT ONE OF THE PRIMARY FUNCTIONS OF GOVERNMENT IS
A. EDUCATING CITIZENS
B. PROTECTING INDIVDUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
C. PROTECTING NEW IMMIGRANTS FROM PERSECUTION
D. EXPANDING THE BORDERS OF THE NATION
E. ENSURING THAT ANYONE ACCUSED OF A CRIME HAS THE RIGHT TO LEGAL REPRESENTION

21. IN THE FEDERALIST PAPERS, JAMES MADISON EXPRESSED THE VIEW THAT POLITICAL FACTIONS
A. SHOULD BE NURTURED BY A FREE NATION
B. SHOULD PLAY A MINOR ROLE IN ANY FREE NATION
C. ARE CENTRAL TO THE CREATION OF A FREE NATION
D. ARE UNDESIRABLE BUT INEVITABLE IN A FREE NATION
E. ARE NECESSARY TO CONTROL THE MASSES IN A FREE NATION

22. ELECTIONS FOR THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES PROVIDE
A. APPROXIMATELY EQUAL REPRESENTATION FOR EVERY VOTER
B. AN EQUAL CHANCE OF GETTING ELECTED FOR BOTH INCUMBENTS AND CHALLENGERS
C. A SYSTEM IN WHICH ONLY THOSE CANDIDATES WHO RECEIVE A MAJORITY OF THE VOTES CAST WIN ON THE FIRST BALLOT
D. PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION BASED ON THE PERCENTAGE OF VOTES CAST FOR EACH PARTY
E. PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION OF RACIAL AND ETHNIC MINORITIES

23. IN CONTRAST TO REVENUE SHARING, CATEGORICAL GRANTS-IN-AID PROVIDE STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
A. SUBSTANTIAL DISCRETION IN DECIDING HOW TO USE THE GRANTS TO SOLVE THEIR PROBLEMS
B. AID THAT REFLECTS TAX BASE AND POPULATION
C. THE POWER TO IMPOSE REGRESSIVE TAXES
D. FUNDS SUFFICIENT TO SUPPORT A HIGH LEVEL OF LOCAL SERVICE
E. FUNDS TO ADMINISTER PROGRAMS CLEARLY SPECIFIED BY THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT

24. IN MARBURY V. MADISON (1803), THE SUPREME COURT ASSUMED THE POWER TO
A. DECIDE WHETHER INTERNAL CONGRESSIONAL PROCEDURES ARE CONSTITUTIONAL
B. ADVISE CONGRESS ON THE ` CONSTITUTIONALITY OF A PROPOSED LAW
C. REGULATE SLAVERY
D. DECIDE ON THE CONSTITUTIONALITY OF A LAW OR AN EXECUTIVE ACTION
E. APPROVE EXECUTIVE AGREEMENTS

25. IN THE CONSTITUTION AS ORIGINALLY RATIFIED IN 1788, THE PROVISIONS REGARDING WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING MOST CLOSELY APPROXIMATE POPULAR MAJORIATARIAN DEMOCRACY?
A. ELECTION OF MEMBERS OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
B. ELECTION OF MEMBERS OF THE SENATE
C. ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT
D. RATIFICATION OF TREATIES
E. CONFIRMATION OF PRESIDENTIAL APPOINTMENTS

26. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING BEST DEFINES THE CONSTITUTIONAL INTERPRETATION OF FEDERALISM?
A. THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT AND THE STATES EACH HAVE SEPARATE AND MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES: NEITHER CONTROLS THE OTHER.
B. THE STATES HAVE SOME POWERS RESERVED TO WHICH THEY MAY EXERCISE IF THE SUPREME COURT PERMITS.
C. THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT AND THE STATES HAVE SEPARATE BUT OVERLAPPING POWERS. IF THERE IS A CONFLICT THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT PREVAILS
D. THE STATES MAY ONLY EXERCISE THOSE POWERS DELEGATED TO THEM BY CONGRESS
E. THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT MAY EXERCISE ONLY THOSE POWERS SPECIFICALLY ENUMERATED IN THE CONSTITUTION.

27. THE CONSTITUTION AS RATIFIED IN 1788 CLEARLY REFLECTS THE FRAMERS’ COMMITMENT TO
A. THE IDEA OF DIRECT DEMOCRACY
B. THE PRINCIPLE OF LIMITED GOVERNMENT
C. THE ABOLITION OF SLAVERY
D. PROTECTING THE RIGHTS OF THE ACCUSED
E. MAINTAINING THE PRIMACY OF THE STATES

28. ALL OF THE FOLLOWING ARE SPECIFICALLY MENTIONED IN THE CONSTITUTION EXCEPT
A. JUDICIAL REVIEW
B. THE NATIONAL CENSUS
C. RULES OF IMPEACHMENT
D. THE STATE OF THE UNION ADDRESS
E. LENGTH OF TERM OF FEDERAL JUDGESHIPS

29. JUDICIAL REVIEW WAS FIRST RECOGNIZED AS A JUDICIAL POWER BY
A. McCULLOCH V. MARYLAND
B. MARBURY V. MADISON
C. GIBBONS V. OGDEN
D. GIDEON V WAINWRIGHT
E. MIRANDA V. ARIZONA

30. THE THREE-FIFTHS COMPROMISE AT THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION ESTABLISHED WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING PRINCIPLES?
A. IN ORDER TO DETERMINE REPRESENTATION AND TAXATION, EACH STATE WAS TO COUNT THREE-FIFTHS OF ALL ITS SLAVES
B. THE SIZE OF THE SENATE WAS TO BE KEPT IN A THREE-FIFTHS PROPORTION TO THE SIZE OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
C. THREE-FIFTHS OF BOTH HOUSES OF CONGRESS WERE NECESSARY IN ORDER TO PROPOSE AN AMENDMENT TO THE CONSTITUTION.
D. MINIMUM PROPERTY REQUIREMENTS FOR VOTING WERE SET AT THREE-FIFTHS OF AN ACRE OF LAND.
E. THREE-FIFTHS OF THE PRESIDENT’S APPOINTEES IN THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH WERE TO COME FROM THE CIVIL SERVICE

31. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DOCUMENTS DIRECTS AN OFFICIAL TO BRING A PRISONER TO COURT AND GIVE REASON WHY HE IS BEING HELD?
A. AN EX POST FACTO LAW
B. A WRIT OF HABEUS CORPUS
C. A BILL OF ATTAINDER
D. AMICUS CURIAE BRIEF
E. A WRIT OF CERTIORARI

32. THE “DEVOLUTION REVOLUTION” IS A REFERENCE TO A RECENT TREND TOWARD
A. STATES RELYING ON THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT TO FINANCE THEIR MOST IMPORTANT PROJECTS
B. THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT RETURNING RESPONSIBILITY FOR MANY FUNCTIONS TO THE STATES
C. SENATE AND HOUSE COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN DELEGATING MORE WORK TO THE SUBCOMMITTEES
D. FEDERAL COURTS REFUSING TO TAKE ALMOST NO CASES FROM STATE COURTS
E. STATE GOVERNORS ALLOWING LOCAL OFFICIALS TO CONDUCT STATEWIDE ELECTIONS

33. THE QUOTE IS FOUND IN THE
“TO MAKE ALL LAWS WHICH SHALL BE NECESSARY AND PROPER FOR CARRYING INTO EXECUTION THE FOREGOING POWERS, AND ALL OTHER POWERS VESTED BY THE CONSTITUTION IN THE GOVERNEMNT OF THE UNITED STATES…”
THE QUOTE IS FOUND IN THE
A. CONSTITUTION, ARTICLE I
B. BILL OF RIGHTS
C. DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCEE
D. THE FEDERALIST PAPERS
E. FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT

34. IMPLIED POWERS OF CONGRESS EMANATE PRIMARILY FROM
A. FEDERALIST PAPERS
B. THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE
C. THE DUE PROCESS CLAUSE OF THE 5th AMENDMENT
D. THE FULL FAITH AND CREDIT CLAUSE OF THE CONSTITUTION
E. THE “NECESSARY AND PROPER” CLAUSE OF THE CONSTITUTION