1. Figurative Language
Similes, Metaphors, Personification, Alliteration, Imagery, Mood, Rhyme, Assonance, and Repetition

2. Simile A simile is used to compare two things
It uses the words “like” or “as” to make comparisons.
My cat is like a stuffed animal

3. Find the Similes
The words they would not come They were stuck inside of me like prisoners of war Deprived of daily senses stored in some dark dungeon I wanted to speak but silence prevailed I surrendered
A huge package of words were being denied About to be swallowed and consumed like sour grapes A metaphor, a simile, I could not even spit out Words unspoken as if my tongue was broken
The knot in my throat was like a noose ready to squeeze I'm boxed in and no one can hear my cry These splintered thoughts must not die here Slivers of light slice through the cracks Giving me hope that another show is on the horizon

4. Metaphor A metaphor is used to compare two things
Instead of saying something is “like” or “as” --- a metaphor states that it just IS.
My cat is a swiffer duster

5. Find the Metaphors Dreams: Metaphors By: Langston Hughes
Hold fast to dreams
For if dreams die
Life is a broken-winged bird
That cannot fly. Hold fast to dreams For when dreams go Life is a barren field Frozen with snow.

6. Personification Giving non human objects human like characteristics.
Giving animals human like characteristics.
The wind slapped me across the back

7. Find the personification
Monkey In The Middle by Sawyer Sewell
There once was a monkey in a city’s zoo, who dreamed of the outside sun. He did like hitting kids with poo, but he felt that that’s been done. So he climbed out in the middle of night, and explored through the city’s streets. He stopped when it was turning light And felt he wanted to eat. That poor monkey needed cash to afford his exotic meals. But his stomach led him to the trash, where he ate a cube of butter and apple peels.

8. If he wanted to eat, he needed a job, to pay for the food in his tummy
If he wanted to eat, he needed a job, to pay for the food in his tummy. So he asked many snobs, but each time he left without money. He tried to be an actor, but found out he couldn't sing or cry. He had the smarts to be a politician, but found out he couldn't lie. Noeone wanted his application. No one gave him a chance. Some were scared because he was from another nation. Other because he didn’t own pants. He only found one job, that paid food and shelter instead of wages. All he was asked to do, was to sit inside steel cages, and dream of the outside sun.

9. Alliteration
The repetition of consonant sounds to enhance the rhythm or to create a beat in poetry.
Sally Sells Sea Shells By The Sea Shore

10. Find the alliteration Nothing Gold Can Stay by Robert Frost
Nature’s first green is gold, Her hardest hue to hold. Her early leaf’s a flower; But only so an hour. Then leaf subsides to leaf. So Eden sank to grief, So dawn goes down to day. Nothing gold can stay.

11. Repetition
Repeating certain lines, phrases or words to add emphasis to the importance of them and to draw the reader’s attention to them.

12. Find the repetition Forgotten Language by Shel Silverstein
Once I spoke the language of the flowers, Once I understood each word the caterpillar said, Once I smiled in secret at the gossip of the starlings, And shared a conversation with the housefly in my bed. Once I heard and answered all the questions of the crickets, And joined the crying of each falling dying flake of snow, Once I spoke the language of the flowers How did it go? How did it go?

13. Rhyme
Rhyming, whether it is internal, external, etc., creates a beat or rhythm to poetry. The songs you listen to are poetry set to music.
The bird takes flight
To a brand new height
He soars in the air
Without a care

14. Find the Rhyme Scheme
Messy Room by Shel Silverstein
Whosever room this is should be ashamed! His underwear is hanging on the lamp. His raincoat is there in the overstuffed chair, And the chair is becoming quite mucky and damp. His workbook is wedged in the window, His sweater's been thrown on the floor. His scarf and one ski are beneath the TV, And his pants have been carelessly hung on the door. His books are all jammed in the closet, His vest has been left in the hall. A lizard named Ed is asleep in his bed, And his smelly old sock has been stuck to the wall. Whosever room this is should be ashamed! Donald or Robert or Willie or-- Huh? You say it's mine? Oh, dear, I knew it looked familiar!

15. Imagery
By using adjectives, specific details, and vibrant descriptions, the writer can paint a picture with words. Writer uses all of the senses: taste, touch, hearing, smell, sight,
I could hear the birds singing a song. The smell of lilacs filled the air. I could see the green grass starting to poke through the ground. The air tasted of spring.

16. Find the Imagery Badlands Mary O. Fumento
Chasm and canyon Carved into the land Epic face of time A space of creation And slow change Formation of rock Rivers cutting through Indentations Swelling of earth Gentle, rolling slopes Gaping, edged depression Opening new worlds

17. Tone/Mood
Mood The mood is the feeling or atmosphere of a piece. The mood can be many different things. Some examples included:
A feeling of love.
A feeling of doom.
A feeling of fear.
A feeling of pride.
An atmosphere of chaos.
An atmosphere of peace.
Meaning What is the author trying to communicate.

18. What is the tone or mood of this?
The Raven By Edgar Allen Poe (Part of the poem)
Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered weak and weary, Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore, While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door. `'Tis some visitor,' I muttered, `tapping at my chamber door - Only this, and nothing more.' Ah, distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December, And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor. Eagerly I wished the morrow; - vainly I had sought to borrow From my books surcease of sorrow - sorrow for the lost Lenore - For the rare and radiant maiden whom the angels named Lenore - Nameless here for evermore. And the silken sad uncertain rustling of each purple curtain Thrilled me - filled me with fantastic terrors never felt before; So that now, to still the beating of my heart, I stood repeating `'Tis some visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door - Some late visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door; - This it is, and nothing more,'

19. Tone or Mood
How to Achieve Mood or Tone You should be able to establish mood or purpose in poetry by:
choice of words,
summary terms,
symbolic language,
structure of the sentences,
the length of each poetic line,
and the punctuation marks chosen.

20. Assonance The Raven Edgar Allen Poe
Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered weak and weary, Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore, While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door. `'Tis some visitor,' I muttered, `tapping at my chamber door - Only this, and nothing more.' Ah, distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December, And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor. Eagerly I wished the morrow; - vainly I had sought to borrow From my books surcease of sorrow - sorrow for the lost Lenore - For the rare and radiant maiden whom the angels named Lenore - Nameless here for evermore. And the silken sad uncertain rustling of each purple curtain Thrilled me - filled me with fantastic terrors never felt before; So that now, to still the beating of my heart, I stood repeating `'Tis some visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door - Some late visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door; - This it is, and nothing more,'