1. Biological Electronics and Computation
By Paige Johnson, Nick Brynelson, and Joseph Kim

2. Introduction
Everyday biological electronics and computing becomes more feasible and necessary.
As modern computers reach their limits, DNA computers would make faster computation still possible.
DNA “electronics” would be much smaller than our current system.

3. Background
The idea of biological electronics has only emerged in the last ten years.
A DNA computer is a computer which uses DNA to perform calculations and store memory
A biological electronic is a device made out of biological components which parallels an electronic circuit and gets work done

4. An example of the Seven City Traveling Salesman Problem
In 1994 Leonard Adleman of USC created a DNA computer which could find the shortest possible path between seven cities where each city is visited once (also called the “traveling salesmen problem”).

5. DNA in Cells Already Does Complex Computations
Microscopic Cilia
DNA in Cells Already Does Complex Computations
Laura Landweber of Princeton University conducted a study of the microscopic organisms, Ciliates, which thrive in pond water. She discovered in 1997 that Ciliates use complex computations to separate their “junk” DNA from their useful DNA and have been doing so for millions of years.

6. Biological Electronics
In the years to come biological components which mirrored the electronic components of today were created. Michael Elowitz of Cal Tech and Stanislas Leibler of Rockefeller University succeeded in making a genetic clock from scratch and a genetic circuit which played rock paper scissors.
This picture is of E. Coli printing the message hello world.
In 2000 a biological oscillator called the repressilator was made along with a toggle switch, a feedback loop, and other components.

7. Biotech Innovator-Uri Sivan
Uri Sivan is a professor at Technion - The Israeli Institute of Technology
He has co-created a self assembling nano-transistor that uses DNA to assemble itself
The DNA is attached to carbon nanotubes which act as transistors when metallicaly coated

8. Biotech Innovator-Milan N. Stojanovic
Milan Stojanovic is a co-researcher and creator of the MAYA 2- a tick tack toe playing game which uses a DNA computer
Milan is a professor at the University of Columbia
His team made biological logic gates which take two inputs and release an output

9. Why Should We Use DNA in Computing?
DNA is plentiful
DNA is cheap
DNA can hold an extremely large amount of data
A DNA computer would be smaller than ever
A DNA computer can perform many calculations at once while a regular silicon computer can only perform one

10. DNA Computers Coming SooN to a Store Near You =)