2. Real-Time PCR I. Pair the bands (2-6 on the gel) with the melting curves!

3. Real-Time PCR I. Pair the bands (2-6 on the gel) with the melting curves! 2 3 4 5 6

4. Real-Time PCR II. What can be said about the genotype of the 5 patient if the examined samples are STR sequences ? 2 3 4 5 6

5. Real-Time PCR II. 2 types of STR in each pearson. 2nd, 6th: homozygote, many repeat 3rds, 4th: heterozygote 5th: homozygote, few repeat 2 3 4 5 6

6. Real-Time PCR III. detection of point mutation 3 patients; „A” gene expression analysis What is the conclusion?

7. What is the conclusion? 3 genotypes Real-Time PCR gyakorlati alkalmazások I. pontmutáció detektálása 3 patients; „A” gene expression analysis

8. Real-Time PCR III. detection of point mutation Homozygote wild type What is the conclusion? 3 genotypes 3 patients; „A” gene expression analysis

9. Real-Time PCR III. detection of point mutation Homozygote wild type What is the conclusion? 3 genotypes 3 patients; „A” gene expression analysis Heterozygote

10. Real-Time PCR III. detection of point mutation Homozygote wild type What is the conclusion? 3 genotypes 3 patients; „A” gene expression analysis Heterozygote Homozygote mutant

11. What is the correlation between the disease and the rate of gene expression? Healthy Diseased

12. Decreased mRNA copy number in diseased patient. Healthy Diseased

13. Setting of the threshold cycle Healthy Diseased

14. Healthy Diseased

15. Define Ct value! Healthy Diseased

16. Healthy Diseased

17. Healthy: 21 Diseased: 31 ∆Ct=2 (Ctb-Cte) Healthy Disease

18. DNA chip measuring gene expression v ABCDABCD 0h 2h 4h 6h 8h 10h What do you see?

19. v ABCDABCD 0h 2h 4h 6h 8h 10h A gene continous, steady state expression (house keeping gene), B gene decreases, C increases, D no expression DNA chip measuring gene expression

20. Measuring similarity between expression patterns Gene name 0h2h4h6h8h12h Q123432 S134432 T123432 V468642 Q and T genes similar because of the same ratios at each time point. How similar it its response to that of genes S and Q?

21. Gene name 0h2h4h6h8h12h Q123432 S134432 T123432 V468642 Pearson-correlation coefficient It quantifies the extent to which the expression patterns of two genes go up together and down together over several time points. Measuring similarity between expression patterns

22. Gene name 0h2h4h6h8h12h Q123432 S134432 T123432 V468642 Pearson-correlation coefficient It quantifies the extent to which the expression patterns of two genes go up together and down together over several time points. =1: expression patterns of the 2 genes track perfectly =-1: expression patterns of the 2 genes track perfectly, but in opposition to the another. 0: expression patterns of the two genes do not track each other at all. Measuring similarity between expression patterns

23. Gene name 0h2h4h6h8h12h Q123432 S134432 T123432 V468642 Find the correlation between Q and S genes: 1: compute the sample mean and sample standard deviation of the expression values of each genes. Xs=2,83S S =1,067 Xq= 2,5 Sq= 0,957 Measuring similarity between expression patterns

24. Gene name 0h2h4h6h8h12h Q123432 S134432 T123432 V468642 Find the correlation between Q and S genes: 2: substract Xs from each value in the S row and divide each result by Ss. Do the same in the Q row, to produce the following normalized row. Snorm: -1,7; 0,16; 1,1; 1,1; 0,16; -0,5 Qnorm: -1,5; -0,5; 0,5; 1,5; 0,5; -0,5 Measuring similarity between expression patterns

25. Gene name 0h2h4h6h8h12h Q123432 S134432 T123432 V468642 Find the correlation between Q and S genes: Multiply the first number in Snorm by the first number in Q norm, the second number in Snorm….. And so on, keeping a running sum of these products. Divide this sum by the number of elements in each row (6) to get the correlation coefficient. Measuring similarity between expression patterns

26. Gene name 0h2h4h6h8h12h Q123432 S134432 T123432 V468642 Find the correlation between Q and S genes: ρ(Q,S)=0,897 Measuring similarity between expression patterns

27. Gene name 0h2h4h6h8h12h Q123432 S134432 T123432 V468642 Home work: find the correlation numbe r between T and V genes Ρ (T,V)= -1 Measuring similarity between expression patterns