1. Chapter 5: Causes of the Civil War
Core Lesson 2: The Struggle for Freedom

2. The Antislavery Movement
Groups against slavery formed in the mid-1800s
Some people felt slavery was completely necessary to grow cotton and tobacco in the South
Abolitionists
Someone who joined the movement to abolish, or end, slavery
Included all types of people from South and North

3. The Antislavery Movement
Leading Abolitionists
William Lloyd Garrison printed antislavery newspaper The Liberator demanding freedom
Frederick Douglass
Escaped slave himself
Wrote/spoke to with audiences about slavery
Sojourner Truth = previously a slave who spoke out against slavery and for women’s rights
Sarah Grimke and Angelina Grimke
Daughters of cruel S. Carolina slave-owner
Disagreed with father, moved north, and spoke out

4. The Antislavery Movement
Free Blacks
In the South
Faced discrimination (the unfair treatment of particular groups)
Laws limited rights of free blacks
Permission to travel
Meet in group only w/ white person present
In the North
Some discrimination but still able to work openly against slavery
Created the American Anti-Slavery Society (1833)
Raised funds to continue working against slavery

5. The Antislavery Movement
Review: What did free blacks in the North do to convince people that slavery was wrong?

6. The Underground Railroad
The Underground Railroad helped people escape from slavery.
Underground Railroad
Series of escape routes and hiding places to bring slaves out of the South
Runaways could go for the North and Canada or south to Florida, Mexico, or the Caribbean
Operated at night in secret
If caught they were returned and punished

7. The Underground Railroad
Stations and Conductors
Stations
Supported mainly by free blacks
Gave food, clothing, and medical aid to runaways
Offered a hiding place
Conductors
Guided runaways to next station
Most famous = Harriet Tubman
Escaped slavery in Maryland
Returned 19 times to help, in all, about 300 people escape
Symbol of abolitionist movement

11. The Underground Railroad
Review: What was the purpose of the Underground Railroad?

12. Why it Matters…
As abolitionists struggled to free enslaved people, they convinced others that slavery was wrong.