1. Do Now The gateway to the US for over ½ of all Americans was Ellis Island There, they were processed and given health inspections, and a green card In NY Harbor Today is part of the Statue of Liberty National Monument 1. What role do you think Ellis Island played in the growth of New York City?

2. Resistance to Immigration: Why?

4. Anti-Immigrant Bias Nativism: Native born Americans’ resistance to immigration Know Nothing Party 1840s-80s Anti German/Irish Anti Catholic Chinese Exclusion Act 1882 Banned Chinese immigration Whites saw as competition Work for cheaper Gentleman's Agreement in 1907 for Japanese Japan wouldn’t allow emigration US wouldn’t ban it

6. Immigrant Quota Act of 1924 Immigration Act 1924 Quotas on Immigration 2% population of a group already living in US 1890 could immigrate every year If 2,000,000 Germans live in US in 1890, then 40,000/year are allowed to immigrate per year If 100,000 Italians live in the US in 1890, then 2,000 allowed to immigrate per year Ex. 1900-200,000 Italians/year 1924- 4,000/year

7. Prompt Use the maps to answer the following prompt: To what extent (meaning: how much) did the Immigrant Quota Act on 1924 reflect America’s bias against new immigrants (Italians, Poles, Russians, E. Europeans) vs. old immigrants (English, German, Irish)? Whoa…that’s deep, yo. Let me emphasize here that the restrictionists of Congress do not claim that the “Nordic” race, or even the Anglo-Saxon race, is the best race in the world. … What we do claim is that the northern European, and particularly Anglo- Saxons made this country. Oh, yes; the others helped. But that is the full statement of the case. They came to this country because it was already made as an Anglo-Saxon commonwealth. They added to it, they often enriched it, but they did not make it, and they have not yet greatly changed it. We are determined that they shall not. It is a good country. It suits us. And what we assert is that we are not going to surrender it to somebody else or allow other people, no matter what their merits, to make it something different. If there is any changing to be done, we will do it ourselves. (Cong. Rec., April 8, 1924, 5922) - Colorado Representative William N Vaile

8. After Before

11. Same story, different century