1. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Self-Esteem and Mental Health Chapter 3

2. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. 1.I praise myself when I do a good job. 2.I do what I know is right, even if others use pressure to try to stop me from doing the right thing. 3.I am confident enough to try new things, even if I might fail at them. 4.I ask people for help if I need it. 5.I like to volunteer to help others when I can. 6.I concentrate on my strengths and work to improve my weaknesses. How frequently do you engage in the following behaviors? SCORING: 1 = never 2 = occasionally 3 = most of the time 4 = all of the time

3. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Chapter 3 Point Ranges: 19 or more points:You show respect for yourself and others and probably have high self-esteem. 10 - 18 points:You probably have a healthy self-esteem but could make improvements in behavior to self and others. 9 points or less:You should be working hard to make improvements in how they show respect for yourself and others.

4. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Self-Esteem and Mental Health Contents Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem Section 2 Using Good Communication Skills Section 3 Mental and Emotional Health Section 4 Understanding Mental Disorders Chapter 3

5. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem Chapter 3 Self-Esteem and Mental Health

6. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Vocab: P50 Self-esteem Self-concept Integrity (AHISD motto) Chapter 3 Self-Esteem and Mental Health

7. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. What is Self-Esteem? Self-esteem: how much you value, respect, and feel confident about yourself. Benefits of High Self Esteem: Chapter 3 respect for yourself ability to reach goals willingness to try new things feel valued by others Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem Risks of Low Self Esteem: Vulnerable to peer pressure More likely to make unhealthy decisions More likely to be critical of yourself and others Increased risk of depression and suicide

8. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

9. Self-concept: a measure of how you view yourself in society. Chapter 3 Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem

10. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Your self-esteem affects the way you interpret “negative” messages from others…. Try to view “negative” messages as constructive criticism (if you can). Your self-esteem does not have to suffer from the “negative” messages from others! You alone have the power to control your self-esteem and moods—don’t give others the power to control your self esteem! (Don’t let other people dictate your mood/feelings!!!) Chapter 3 Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem

11. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Tips for Improving Your Self-Esteem: Use Positive Self-Talk (say positive messages to yourself when in doubt) Act with Integrity (doing what you know is right, regardless of the situation) Choose Supportive Friends (your friends should support your values and goals) Accept Yourself (focus on your strengths and let go of weaknesses that you cannot change) Take Care of Your Health (feeling good, physically, can help your self-esteem) Chapter 3 Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem

12. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. 15 Things That Emotionally Strong People DON’T Do There is a particular aspect of mental strength that is the deciding factor of whether or not you will have a good life. There are many levels to mental strength and all are needed to be successful and happy. The one particular area of mental strength that has the greatest impact is that of emotional strength. Emotions are, of course, a part of our psyche, yet nevertheless, can be distinguished from the remainder of mental qualities because they most directly influence our physical body. They affect the way our body functions and they drive every single one of our actions. Without emotion, we would have no reason to act, to do anything with ourselves. Emotions are our greatest motivators. Unfortunately, they can motivate us to act in any direction, even the wrong one. For this reason, emotional strength is essential. There are countless situations that emotionally strong people avoid and many actions they never take. Here are 15 of them……….. Chapter 3 Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem

13. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. 15 Things That Emotionally Strong People Don’t Do (cont) 1. They Don’t Beg For Attention Needing attention is directly linked to emotion. Those who feel the need for recognition only find themselves experiencing feelings of worth when others make them feel needed; it’s as if these people are uncertain of their value or if they have any ounce of self-worth. Feeling unsure of your worth can be a self-fulfilling prophecy; if you don’t know you matter then no one will ever believe you do. 2. They Don’t Allow Others To Bring Them Down Emotional strength requires resilience. This world is filled with haters and trolls. There are jealous eyes lurking around every corner. The unfortunate truth is that many of the people who hold us back the most are those closest to us. Getting rid of these people is often the best solution but also the most difficult. Each one of these people you remove from your life will be one fewer emotional trigger. Chapter 3 Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem

14. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. 15 Things That Emotionally Strong People Don’t Do (cont) 3. They Don’t Hold Grudges If you’re holding a grudge then you already care more about a situation than you should. If a person apologizes genuinely, forgive him or her! If this person doesn’t apologize, then don’t interact with them…but don’t hold grudges. People with whom you seek to alienate and hold grudges against take up too much of your mental energy and do more harm than good. 4. They Never Stop Doing Their Own Thing Emotionally strong individuals do what they do because they love doing it. They don’t plan on slowing down or stopping for anyone who deems their happiness is unimportant or inappropriate. Chapter 3 Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem

15. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. 15 Things That Emotionally Strong People Don’t Do (cont) 5. They Never Stop Believing In Themselves Those who love themselves and understand themselves — those who aren’t afraid or proud to be themselves — never doubt themselves. You amount to your own self-worth, not a penny more. 6. They Don’t Act Like B-words or A-holes People are mean. But we wonder, why? Being a jerk is only good as an intimidation factor, and if you’re trying to intimidate people, then you better be a negotiator by profession; if you’re intimidating just for the sake of it, you’re obviously overcompensating for a lack of confidence. Chapter 3 Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem

16. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. 15 Things That Emotionally Strong People Don’t Do (cont) 7. They Know Better Than To Let Just Anyone Into Their Lives The emotionally strong are emotionally strong for a reason: They don’t expose themselves to people who break down their defenses and crush their morale. Most people in the world are lost and will be more than happy to take you along with them. Don’t let an awful acquaintance ruin your happiness. 8. They Aren’t Afraid To Love If you’re afraid to love, you don’t have enough confidence in yourself. You obviously think you can’t be in a lasting relationship, but only in one that is doomed for disaster. You don’t want to get hurt again because getting hurt really sucks. There is no reason for you to get your heart broken again because you are awesome. If things don’t work out, it’s not you. It’s the two of you together. Unless, of course, you are an awful human being; in that case, it is you. Chapter 3 Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem

17. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. 15 Things That Emotionally Strong People Don’t Do (cont) 9. They Don’t Lie In Bed Dreading The Day Ahead Of Them The best part of your day should be the moment you wake up and realize you’re still alive. We take life for granted too regularly. 10. They’re Not Afraid Of Slowing Down Emotionally strong people aren’t in need of constant action and excitement. They don’t need to run around all day and keep moving in order to avoid their demons. They appreciate a slow moment because it brings them closer to what it feels like to do nothing but living and breathing. This is not to say that they don’t enjoy excitement in their lives, but they aren’t fixated on the next emotional rush—they’re happy to just go for a walk and smell the roses. Chapter 3 Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem

18. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. 15 Things That Emotionally Strong People Don’t Do (cont) 11. They Don’t Do Things They Don’t Want To Do We all do things that we don’t love to do, but we should never do things that we don’t want to do. The emotionally strong understand that and almost always manage to figure out a way to focus on what they love, which allows them to figure out what they need to do, in order to do what they love. Although they may not love every second of it, they like doing what they’re doing because it’s bringing them one step closer to what they would love to do. 12. They Have No Problem Saying “No” If you can’t say “no,” you will get abused. You’ll be considered a pushover and no one will ever ask you for your opinion or take it seriously when you give it. Saying “no” reminds people that they don’t have control over you. Chapter 3 Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem

19. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. 15 Things That Emotionally Strong People Don’t Do (cont) 13. They Don’t “Forget” To Give Back We’re not too busy or too poor to donate our money and/or time. We don’t forget, either. Some people just choose to ignore our responsibilities as human beings. The stronger you are emotionally, the more you come to appreciate others and life itself. You give life more worth and you begin to empathize with those who were dealt a bad hand. 14. They Don’t Feel The Need To Fit In The stronger you are emotionally, the more independent you become. You don’t feel the need to fit in because you fit in where it matters: the world. People form smaller social groups that are often skewed and unhealthy. Wanting to fit in doesn’t say much more than “I’m afraid to be myself.” Chapter 3 Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem

20. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. 15 Things That Emotionally Strong People Don’t Do (cont) 15. They Don’t Forget That Happiness Is A Decision Most importantly, the emotionally strong have learned to understand the power their brains have over both the mind and body. They understand that emotions are reactions, not reactions to direct physical causes, but to the way we perceive those causes. In other words, our emotions don’t reflect reality; rather, our emotions reflect the way we interpret reality. Understanding this gives us near-full control of our emotions and, therefore, our lives. article source: http://elitedaily.com/life/15-things-that-emotionally-strong-people-dont-do/ Chapter 3 Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem

21. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 2 Using Good Communication Skills Chapter 3 Self-Esteem and Mental Health

22. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Vocab: P55Passive Aggressive Assertive Empathy Chapter 3 Self-Esteem and Mental Health

23. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 2 Using Good Communication Skills Good Communication is Important 1.Prevents Misunderstandings (unclear communication can cause hurtful misunderstandings) 2.Building Healthy Relationships (communication is a tool for building good relationships) 3.Expressing Yourself (good communication skills help you let others know what you want and need…and this will help you get what you want out of your relationships) Chapter 3

24. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 2 Using Good Communication Skills Communication Styles 1.Passive (does not speak up when challenged or pressured) 2.Aggressive (hostile and unfriendly) 3.Assertive (when you communicate assertively, you express yourself in a direct, but respectful way) Chapter 3

25. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

26. Section 2 Using Good Communication Skills Speaking Skills Can Improve Communication: Voice Volume Speaking too loudly or too softly can send a bad message. Tone and Pitch (conveys your attitude) “I” Messages and “You” Messages An “I” message explains how you feel. A “you” message can seem like blame. Empathy (the ability to understand another person’s feelings) Chapter 3

27. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 2 Using Good Communication Skills Listening Skills Can Improve Communication 1.Active Listening lets the speaker know you are listening and clarifying anything confusing ex: saying uh-huh, right, yes, I see, etc. while listening 2.Paraphrasing using your own words to restate what someone else says ex: “So what you’re saying is……….” Chapter 3

28. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 2 Using Good Communication Skills Chapter 3 Maintaining eye contact Opening your eyes wide Making poor eye contact Scratching your head Touching your hand to your face, or… Covering your mouth Standing straight and tall Squinting at the speaker Not facing the person/people Crossing your arms Body Language Can Affect Communication, while speaking OR listening: What do you think each of the following non- verbal cues might communicate to others?

29. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

30. Section 3 Mental and Emotional Health Chapter 3 Self-Esteem and Mental Health

31. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Vocab: P61Mental Health Self-Actualization Emotion Defense Mechanism Chapter 3 Self-Esteem and Mental Health

32. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 3 Mental and Emotional Health Mental Health Mental health: A state of mental well-being (you can cope with the demands of daily life) Characteristics of mentally and emotionally healthy people include: Chapter 3 A sense of control Ability to endure failures and frustrations Ability to see events positively Can express emotions in a healthy way

33. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs A list of the basic needs one must achieve on the way to self- actualization. Self-actualization is the achievement of the best that a person can be. Abraham Maslow believed that everyone has a drive to reach self-actualization.

34. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 3 Mental and Emotional Health Expressing Emotions can make you HAPPIER! Emotion: a feeling produced in response to life experiences. Expressing emotions in a healthy way is important for your mental and emotional health. We learn to express our emotions by observing others (you’re a product of your environment) You can RELEARN how to express emotions more constructively! Chapter 3

35. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 3 Mental and Emotional Health Tips for Managing Emotions constructively: Talk it out with a friend or trusted adult, or in your own head Blow off steam with physical activity (can help you release negative energy and release endorphins) Be creative Creative activities also help release tension. Chapter 3

36. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 3 Mental and Emotional Health Managing Emotions when you’re angry: Frustration leads to anger (prevent or manage your frustrations before they get out of hand) Learn to recognize when you feel angry. When you do feel angry, try to calm down before taking action. Anger can ALWAYS be dealt with APPROPRIATELY! Chapter 3

37. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 3 Mental and Emotional Health Managing Other Negative Emotions 1.Fear: (bad): can be debilitating (good): can protect you from real danger. use positive self-talk to get over fear. 2.Guilt: alerts you when you are acting against your values. do your best to right the wrong. Chapter 3

38. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 3 Mental and Emotional Health 3.Jealousy fear that you will lose someone or something you love. talking about it and restructuring your thoughts and feelings is usually the best way to cope. 4.Loneliness feeling emotionally isolated from others. Chapter 3 Managing Other Negative Emotions

39. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 3 Mental and Emotional Health Defense Mechanisms: Unconscious thoughts or behaviors used to avoid (or cope with) unpleasant emotions. Most DM’s do NOT fix the real problem (they’re a coping skill that help us deal with difficult emotions temporarily). DM’s can mask your true (uncomfortable) feelings. It’s best to manage your emotions in a constructive, problem-solving, way (focus on the real issue and deal with that). Chapter 3

40. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

43. Section 4 Understanding Mental Disorders Chapter 3 Self-Esteem and Mental Health

44. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Vocab: P68Mental Disorder Symptom Depression Chapter 3 Self-Esteem and Mental Health

45. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 4 Understanding Mental Disorders Bellringer What symptoms or behaviors do you associate with depression? Chapter 3

46. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 4 Understanding Mental Disorders What Are Mental Disorders? Mental disorder: an illness that affects a person’s: THOUGHTS EMOTIONS BEHAVIORS …are often misunderstood. …many are treatable. …knowing the symptoms can help you understand mental disorders. Chapter 3

47. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 4 Understanding Mental Disorders Symptoms of Mental Disorders: Symptom: a change in a person’s body or mind, caused by a disease or disorder. The following are common symptoms of many mental disorders: Chapter 3 Too much or too little sleep Feelings of extreme sadness Unexplained mood changes Drug or alcohol abuse Inability to concentrate Extreme anxiety or irrational fear Personality changes False perceptions of reality

48. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 4 Understanding Mental Disorders Types of Mental Disorders……. Chapter 3

49. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 4 Understanding Mental Disorders DEPRESSION: sadness and hopelessness that keeps a person from carrying out normal, everyday activities. Symptoms: Lack of energy Withdrawal from people Loss of appetite or overeating Too much or too little sleep Feelings of helplessness and hopelessness Chapter 3

50. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. If you are experiencing depression… 1.Face the problem and seek professional help. 2.Identify the “real” problem loneliness? a loss of something significant? (ex: loved one, job, etc) chemical imbalance? 3.Take action change negative thinking seeking support from others increasing physical activity Chapter 3 Section 4 Understanding Mental Disorders

51. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 4 Understanding Mental Disorders ATTENTION DEFICIT / HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER: the most commonly diagnosed mental disorder in children It is a lifelong disorder Symptoms being frequently inattentive or impulsively hyperactive Causes unknown Can be treated (finding the best treatment can be difficult) Chapter 3

52. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 4 Understanding Mental Disorders ANXIETY DISORDERS: fear-based can keep you from taking part in daily activities Phobias (extreme fear of something that poses no real danger) PANIC DISORDERS: extreme terror and panic attacks OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER: characterized by uncomfortable thoughts called obsessions repetitive behaviors called compulsions Chapter 3

53. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 4 Understanding Mental Disorders Causes of Mental Disorders: Some develop from traumatic or stressful life experiences. Some can be inherited. Some are caused by physical disorders or injuries. Chapter 3

54. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Section 4 Understanding Mental Disorders Many mental disorders can be treated or cured… Treatments: Psychotherapy--especially useful in treating mental disorders caused by traumatic experiences. Group therapy--a licensed therapist leads a group of people who may have a similar disorder. Medication--can also help in the treatment of some mental disorders. Chapter 3

55. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. End of Chapter 3