1. Cell Specialization
Histology PowerPoint

2. Remember... Cell  Tissue  Organ  Organ System
Histology is the study of tissue
Each tissue has a specific function

3. Four Types of Tissue Connective Muscle Nervous Epithelial
Connects different tissues, organs, and organ systems
Muscle
Produces force and motion
Nervous
Controls body function and movement
Epithelial
Consists of layers that cover and protect

4. Connective Tissue- Proper and Specialized
Proper Connective Tissue
Areolar (loose) CT
Dense CT
Elastic CT
Reticular CT
Adipose
Specialized Connective Tissue
Blood
Bone
Cartilage

5. Areolar (loose) CT
Holds organs in place
Lots of proteinaceous fibers

6. Dense Regular CT Ligaments and tendons
Ligaments- bone to bone
Tendons- muscle to bone
Parallel orientation of fibers to resist tension in one direction

7. Dense Irregular CT Skin, hollow organs, joints
Fibers run in numerous directions to resist tension in multiple directions

8. Elastic CT
Allows for stretching and recoil in muscles and arteries

9. Reticular CT
Supports delicate glands and organs

10. Adipose
Fat
Cushion, insulation, energy storage

11. Blood Transport nutrients, waste, O2, CO2, etc. between systems
Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets

12. Bone
Strong structural support

13. Cartilage Three types- hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage
Mainly found in joints, also in ear, nose
“Soft” support and cushioning

14. Muscle Tissue-
Skeletal, Cardiac, Smooth

15. Skeletal Muscle Voluntary motion Parallel striations
Majority of muscle

16. Cardiac Muscle
Found only in heart
Involuntary
Branched striations

17. Smooth Muscle Involuntary movement No striations
Found in hollow organs (intestines, blood vessels, etc.)

18. Nervous Tissue-
Neurons, Neuroglia

19. Neurons
Transmit impulses to communicate to body parts

20. Neuroglia Support cells of the nervous system Functions Many types
Support, form myelin sheaths, signal transmission

21. Epithelial Classified by Simple squamous, cuboidal, columnar
Shape: squamous, cuboidal, columnar
Stratification: simple, stratified, pseudostratification
Simple squamous, cuboidal, columnar
Ciliated columnar
Stratified squamous, cuboidal, columnar
Pseudostratified
Transitional

22. Simple Squamous Epithelium
One layer (simple)
Irregular (squamous)
Lining of cavities and outer layer of skin

23. Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
One layer
Cube (cuboidal)
Lining of ducts, glands, urinary tract

24. Simple Columnar Epithelium
One layer
Columns (columnar)
Lining of stomach and intestines

25. Ciliated Columnar Epithelium
Simple
Columns
Cilia (hair-like projections)
Respiratory system

26. Stratified Squamous Epithelium
Multiple layers (stratified)
Irregular
Areas of abrasion (mouth, skin)

27. Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium
Multiple layers
Cube
Line ducts and glands

28. Stratified Columnar Epithelium
Multiple layers
Columns
Functions in secretion and protection (uterus, urethra)

29. Transitional Epithelium
Stratified
Cuboidal to squamous
Allows for stretching and compression; only in urinary bladder