1. RACKET CREEK @ ELK CITY LAKE NEAR INDEPENDENCE, KANSAS PROJECT CONSTRUCTED DECEMBER 7-9, 2008

2. RACKET CREEK NEAR INDEPENDENCE, KANSAS  Bank erosion is actively eroding and threatening infrastructure within a U. S. Army Corps of Engineers public campground  Rural, sparsely populated  Bed material: silts, clay, aluvium, deeply incised  Pool-riffle-pool regime, slope less than 1%  Average width 30-40 ft  32 ft tall eroding banks are a public safety issue  One gully had a series of headcuts up to 4 ft tall.

3. PRE-PROJECT PHOTOS by Eugene Goff September 2008

4. Looking US @ entrance conditions into project bend. PRE-PROJECT-RACKET CREEK PIX BY EUGENE GOFF SEPT 2008

5. Looking US @ middle of project bend. PRE-PROJECT-RACKET CREEK PIX BY EUGENE GOFF SEPT 2008

6. Looking DS @ middle of project bend. PRE-PROJECT-RACKET CREEK PIX BY EUGENE GOFF SEPT 2008

7. Looking DS @ lower end of project bend. PRE-PROJECT-RACKET CREEK PIX BY EUGENE GOFF SEPT 2008

8. Looking US @ entrance into straight section of the project. PRE-PROJECT-RACKET CREEK PIX BY EUGENE GOFF SEPT 2008

9. Looking US at straight section of project. PRE-PROJECT-RACKET CREEK PIX BY EUGENE GOFF SEPT 2008

10. STEP-BY-STEPS FOR RACKET CREEK All drawings by Dave Derrick

11. stream channel Top bank Eroding bank approximately 32 ft tall 1 of 9 Racket Creek, Independence, KS

12. 2 of 9 Racket Creek, Independence, KS Dig a notch (2 ft deep and 4 ft wide) to tuck LPSTP closer to bank toe

13. Looking DS. Tracked back hoe has dug out a notch (2 ft deep & 4 ft wide) to tuck LPSTP closer to bank toe CONSTRUCTION-RACKET CR. PIX BY DAVE DERRICK 12-8&9-2008

14. 3 of 9 Racket Creek, Independence, KS From top bank, dump stone down over hill

15. 4 of 9 Racket Creek, Independence, KS Tracked backhoe shapes stone into a Longitudinal Peaked Stone Toe Protection (LPSTP) with a crest height 4 ft above the base flow water surface elevation

16. 5 of 9 Racket Creek, Independence, KS Willow poles (termed Live Siltation) were then laid on the LPSTP at a rate of 3.5 poles per ft. Basal ends should be in vadose zone (capillary zone ) Live Siltation

17. 6 of 9 Racket Creek, Independence, KS Soil dug from the opposite bank of the stream was used to “plant” the Live Siltation & also to provide a flatter slope for the eroded bank.

18. 7 of 9 Racket Creek, Independence, KS In some sections of the project the upper bank will be sloped to a stable angle of repose.

19. 8 of 9 Racket Creek, Independence, KS Rooted-stock plants will be added in spring 2009 to stabilize the bank, reduce high flow velocities, & provide a vegetated riparian corridor.

20. 9 of 9 Racket Creek, Independence, KS Seed & mulch all disturbed areas

21. CONSTRUCTION PHOTOS by Dave Derrick, December 8-9, 2008

22. Keys #1-3, LPSTP, Live Siltation, & soil placement at the upper end of the project bend.

23. Looking DS @ hoe digging Key #1 CONSTRUCTION-RACKET CR. PIX BY DAVE DERRICK 12-8&9-2008

24. Looking US @ Key #1 with hoe digging Key #2. Key # 1 will be extended up the hill to top bank. The key will be vegetated with willow poles, filled with stone, backfilled with soil, with a berm at top bank to stop runoff flow down the key. CONSTRUCTION-RACKET CR. PIX BY DAVE DERRICK 12-8&9-2008

25. Looking US. Building Key #1. CONSTRUCTION-RACKET CR. PIX BY DAVE DERRICK 12-8&9-2008

26. It takes a BIG generator to brew coffee on a cold day in Kansas CONSTRUCTION-RACKET CR. PIX BY DAVE DERRICK 12-8&9-2008

27. Looking DS @ workers planting 2,000 willow poles CONSTRUCTION-RACKET CR. PIX BY DAVE DERRICK 12-8&9-2008

28. Looking US @ willows in key & on LPSTP. CONSTRUCTION-RACKET CR. PIX BY DAVE DERRICK 12-8&9-2008

29. Looking US @ hoe planting willows with soil from opposite bank CONSTRUCTION-RACKET CR. PIX BY DAVE DERRICK 12-8&9-2008

30. Looking US @ the upper section of the project bend with snow CONSTRUCTION-RACKET CR. PIX BY DAVE DERRICK 12-8&9-2008

31. Looking US @ first half of project bend with snow. CONSTRUCTION-RACKET CR. PIX BY DAVE DERRICK 12-8&9-2008

32. Looking DS @ hoe building Key #7 (last key in bend). Soil dug on inside of bend placed on outer bank. This soil would have been washed away since the stream was shifted over with Bendway Weirs CONSTRUCTION-RACKET CR. PIX BY DAVE DERRICK 12-8&9-2008

33. Traffic Control Stones delineate steep bank CONSTRUCTION-RACKET CR. PIX BY DAVE DERRICK 12-8&9-2008

34. Rooted-stock plants were installed March 18, 2009.

35. 460 RPM TREES, SHRUBS, & GRASSES FOR RACKET CR. Quercus palustris Pin Oak20 Quercus bicolor Swamp White20 Quercus macrocarpa Bur Oak20 Platanus occidentalis Sycamore15 Acer rubrum Red Maple15 Amorpha fruiticosa Indigo Bush15 Cephalanthus occidentalis Button Bush15 Cornus drummondii Rough Leaf Dogwood15 Aronia arbutifolia brilliantissima Choke Berry15 Rosa palustris Swamp Rose15 Cornus stolinifera Red Osier Dogwood15 Spartina pectinata Prairie Cordgrass180 Lobelia cardinalis Cardinal Flower20 Juncus effusus Soft Common Rush20 Hibiscus lasiocarpus Rose Mallow20 Liatris pychnostachya Spike Blazing Star20 Asclepias incarnata Swamp Milk weed20

36. Crew ready, RPM plants ready, let’s plant!! CONSTRUCTION-RACKET CR. PIX SHOT 3-18-2009

37. Root Production Method (RPM)  cRaZy gRoWtH WITHOUT CHANGING GENETICS (for oaks 0.8 inches @ DBH/year and 4 ft of growth per year are typical  A patented process  RPM Method developed by Wayne Lovelace in 1991  Wayne Lovelace has 50 years experience in horticulture  RPM Method applied to over 250 different species-trees, shrubs, & grasses  Cost effective – 50 trees per acre vs 300-400 with seedlings  60 acres of planted Mississippi River hardwood floodplain we observed (50 trees/acre, total 3,000 trees), only 7 trees dead

38. Here is the teaser, an RPM Nuttal Oak, 7 years old, 7-inch dbh, & 35 ft tall. 92 degrees, we need shade PHOTO-DEB FREEMAN

39. The RPM method is a 21 step patented process, with plants grown in bottomless trays. The tap root hits air and stops growing (air pruned). Plant is repotted twice, mychorrhiza inoculated twice, the rest is secret !!

40. A bottomless tray in the greenhouse Photos by derrick A stage 1 RPM seedling

41. Photos by derrick Meet Wayne Lovelace, the RPM inventor Stage 2 Stage 1 Stage 3

42. Acorns planted in Feb-March, these RPM trees are less than 6 months old Photo by derrick

43. Three gallon container (removed), oak tree 6 months old, nothing but dense roots, allows for increased absorption of water, nutrients, and oxygen !!! Note mychorriza colonization (white area) Photo by derrick

44. These RPM oaks were acorns in Feb, already 4-6 ft tall, several of these plants WERE PRODUCING ACORNS!!! Photo by derrick

45. Acorns growing on a 6 month old Burr Oak. Typically these trees do not produce acorns during the first 30 years. Wayne says acorn production coincides with the wasting away of the tap root. Photo by derrick

46. “Kimberley”, a natural cross between a Swamp White Oak & a Burr Oak discovered by Wayne’s wife. Over the last 20 years it has delivered 100 lbs of acorns per year (not diurnal). 50 Kimberlys per acre=5,000 lbs seed/food. Photo by derrick

47. Planting the rooted- stock plants in the upstream half of the project bend. March 3, 2009.

48. It’s a long way up! Topsoil added to slope eroded bank. CONSTRUCTION-RACKET CR. PIX SHOT 3-18-2009

49. Looking DS @ crew planting the upper section of the project bend. Note flows have reshaped the active stream channel. Fine material deposited between the short Bendway Weirs. CONSTRUCTION-RACKET CR. PIX SHOT 3-18-2009

50. Looking US @ the US section of the project bend. Channel within project is stable with sediment between Bendway Weirs. Bank has been graded & a few rooted-stock plants installed. CONSTRUCTION-RACKET CR. PIX SHOT 3-18-2009

51. Looking US @ upper bank plantings with browse guards installed. CONSTRUCTION-RACKET CR. PIX SHOT 3-18-2009

52. Looking US @ plantings on the US section of the project bend. CONSTRUCTION-RACKET CR. PIX SHOT 3-18-2009

53. Planting the rooted- stock plants in the downstream half of the project bend March 3, 2009.

54. Looking US @ “exclusionary vegetation” plantings between the Traffic Control Stones on top bank above the steep bank. CONSTRUCTION-RACKET CR. PIX SHOT 3-18-2009

55. Looking down hill at planting crew installing rooted-stock plants on the narrow floodplain bench above the LPSTP. CONSTRUCTION-RACKET CR. PIX SHOT 3-18-2009

56. Looking down hill at planting crew installing rooted-stock plants on the narrow floodplain bench above the LPSTP.

57. Stream Project Functions: Fully functioning both hydraulically & environmentally. Multiple protection redundancy. Longitudinal Peaked Stone Toe Protection provides a robust adjustable bank toe protection. Bendway Weirs move scour & thalweg away from attacked bank, with velocities reduced within weir field & on bank. Live Siltation, pole plantings, & rooted-stock plants provide roughness & reduce near-bank flow velocities. Roots strengthen bank & bind soil. Bank & top bank rooted stock plantings will provide stability and a continuous riparian corridor.

58. 8 MONTHS AFTER PROJECT COMPLETION (1/2 A GROWING SEASON) Photos by Derrick AUGUST 19, 2009

59. 8 MONTHS LATER – THE UPSTREAM HALF OF THE PROJECT BEND

60. 8 MONTHS LATER-Looking uphill at the multi-function structure that serves as Key #4 & visitors path to the stream. 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

61. 8 MONTHS LATER-Looking downhill @ the headcut gully repair, Key #4, & visitors path to the stream. 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

62. 8 MONTHS LATER-From stream looking uphill at the visitors path. 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

63. 8 MONTHS LATER-From top bank looking US @ the upper section of the project. Vegetation functioning well!! 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

64. 8 MONTHS LATER-Looking US. 32 ft tall bank is steep but stable & well vegged with an assortment of native trees, shrubs, & grasses. 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

65. 8 MONTHS LATER-Looking US. LPSTP has stabilized the toe & Bendway Weirs have transferred energy to the inside of the bend. 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

66. 8 MONTHS LATER-Looking US. Entire bend is stable. 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

67. 8 MONTHS LATER-Looking US @ stable LPSTP, deposition between Bendway Weirs, & good willow growth 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

68. 8 MONTHS LATER-Looking US @ willows dead & alive 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

69. 8 MONTHS LATER-Cottonwood trees growing from seed @ toe 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

70. 8 MONTHS LATER-Looking US. Stable channel thanks to LPSTP, Bendway Weirs, & vegetation 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

71. 8 MONTHS LATER-Looking uphill @ grasses, trees & shrubs 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

72. 8 MONTHS LATER-Looking uphill @ grasses, trees & shrubs 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

73. 8 MONTHS LATER-Looking US @ upper end of project 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

74. 8 MONTHS LATER-Looking uphill @ the upstream vegged key 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

75. 8 MONTHS LATER-Slump near US end of project. Slumped material is rapidly colonizing with cottonwood trees & other natives. 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

76. 8 MONTHS LATER-From US end, looking DS @ stable channel 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

77. 8 MONTHS LATER-From top bank looking DS @ US end of project 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

78. 8 MONTHS LATER - THE DOWNSTREAM HALF OF THE PROJECT BEND

79. 8 MONTHS LATER-From top bank looking DS @ US end of project 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

80. 8 MONTHS LATER-Looking DS @ lower section of project bend. Over steepened bank will not support vegetation. However colluvium at toe is partially vegged & collecting other fallen material. 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

81. 8 MONTHS LATER-Looking DS. Bendway Weirs & LPSTP is stabilizing toe. Veg is holding colluvium. 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

82. 8 MONTHS LATER-Looking DS. Some rilling of bank. Toe above LPSTP could use some additional shrubs & bunch grass. 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

83. 8 MONTHS LATER-From top bank looking @ toe & BW 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

84. 8 MONTHS LATER-Top bank stone & grasses at bank edge 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

85. 8 MONTHS LATER - KEYS/HARD POINTS/SHORT LPSTP STRUCTURES FOR THE DOWNSTREAM (STRAIGHTER PORTION) OF THE PROJECT

86. 8 MONTHS LATER-Looking @ the L-Head structure. Note deposition DS of bank section of L-Head 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

87. 8 MONTHS LATER-Looking @ a hard point. Stable & deposition DS of the structure. Shady so no veg. 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

88. 8 MONTHS LATER-Looking DS @ 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

89. 8 MONTHS LATER-Looking US @ stable bank & deposition DS of structures. Shady so little veg. 8 MONTHS LATER-RACKET CREEK-PIX BY DERRICK 8-19-09

90. This project is done. NOT BAD FOR 4 DAYS WORK!! CONSTRUCTION-RACKET CR. PIX BY DAVE DERRICK 12-8&9-2008