1. Optical transport solutions
LambdaDriver™
WDM Products line family
Moshe Schnapp

2. Wave Division Multiplexing (WDM) principle
WDM is a method of transmitting data from different sources over the same fiber optic link at the same time whereby each data channel is carried on its own unique wavelength.
Multiple wavelengths transmission over single fiber
Input channels
Output channels
Ch#1
Ch#n
λ1 - λn
Mux
DeMux

3. Why WDM?
Transferring many services over single fiber allows customers:
To save on fiber lease/buy costs.
To upgrade networks with new services over existing fibers
To outsource “dark” WDM channels instead of dark fiber
To build networks with much larger throughput than with any other technology.
WDM - TDM

4. LambdaDriver® family overview
Modular chassis for up to 16 wavelengths per shelf
DWDM (up to 64 wavelengths) or CWDM (up to 16 wavelengths)
Distances up to 100Km without repetition over Single or Dual fiber.
A distance longer than 100Km is reachable by use of Optical Amplifiers
Supports for Point-to-Point, Linear ADM and Ring topologies
Supports any data centric protocol up to 10Gbps
Sub-rate TDM (2:1, 4:1 and 8:1) per wavelength
Line/Path/Equipment Protection
Single or Dual fiber operation
CWDM/DWDM
Budget
LD400

5. LambdaDriver structure
Management
Mux
1550nm
Transponder λ1 λ2
1310nm
Transponder λ1
WDM trunk λ2
DeMux λ3
Transponder λ3
850nm
Access channels
at any wavelengths,
selectable by SFP choice
Fiber management
tray
Mux/DeMux principle

6. Typical Customer market
Targeted for the Metro and Regional rings in carrier applications as well as Point to Point or Linear ADM Enterprise networks.
Any solution can start with as low as 2 services and grow up to 64 with in-field upgrades.
Ideally suited for storage (ESCON, FC1/2Gbps), IP (FE, GE) or SDH (OC3 – OC48) applications
Smoothly upgrade to existing networks
SDH upgrade

7. Unique Features and Benefits
example
The same platform supports both CWDM and DWDM technologies and even can support both in the same network
LD1600 supports 16 CWDM channels that lowers the cost compared to alternative DWDM.
Using Sub-Rate TDM modules for more efficient use of WDM channels
Up to 16 OC48 channels transmission over MM fiber up to 2Km
Single fiber bi-directional transmission option
Using SFP transceivers provides high flexibility and maintenance inventory savings
Bands
MRV
EXCLUSIVE!

8. Housing and Chassis

9. LambdaDriver® system configuration
1+1RED
Management
Mux/DeMux
Power
Supplies
Transponders
Mux/DeMux
Transponders
Management

10. LDP300 No power needed No additional configuration
LDP300 is 1U/19” size and host the standard LD800 OADM modules
Interfaces directly to colored GBIC’s or LD transponders

11. Slot for additional modules
LD1600 – Slot allocation
Transponder #
Management
RESERVED
Slot for additional modules
WDM-Multiplexer
WDM-DeMultiplexer
Power Supply 1
Power Supply 2
11,5 U

12. LD400 and LD800 - Slot allocation
Transponder #
DF-OADM4
Management
2 U
LD800
Transponder #
Management
Slot for add. Mod.
WDM-Multiplexer
WDM-DeMultiplexer
Power Supply 2
Power Supply 1
4,5 U

13. Transponders and Amplifiers

14. Transponder modules with SFP “ access” interface
Converts the access(gray) wavelength to WDM specific
wavelength(and vice versa).
CWDM or DWDM versions of modules
Hot swappable, independent modules
SFP access interface for highest flexibility
Rate transparent mode (2R): Open to any data rate.
Performs 3R (reshape,retime,retransmit) function
Remotely selectable data rate
Loopback functionality
Power Monitoring and SFP Digital diagnostics
ALS - Automatic Laser Shutdown
LIN – Link Integrity Notification
F/O SFP
10/100/1000BaseTx SFP

15. TM2-SFP – SFP based Dual Transponder
SFP receptacles on all ports for maximum interface flexibility
2 independent light path’s for higher port density
Preserves complete functionality of regular transponders
Allows different rate setting for each light path
Provides Full H/W redundancy with one module
F/O SFP
TX1
TX1
Working path
RX2
RX2
TX2
TX2
Protection path
RX2
RX2
10/100/1000BaseTx SFP

16. DWDM Transponders for high dispersion links
Regular SM fiber (G652) introduce 17-20ps/nm/km dispersion value that limits the 2.5Gbps transmission to about 90Km with regular transponders (TM –DSFP)
Usual approach is using DCU’s.
Using special DWDM transponders allows transmission to long distances (about 600Km) using Optical Amplifiers up to dispersion limits (up to 12,025 ps/nm) .
Booster
Pre OA
MUX
DeMUX
TM-DSFP
200Km
Site A
Site B
Dispersion

17. EDFA Optical Amplifier modules
EDFA principle
No OEO conversion.
Can be used for Single channel or for DWDM applications
Can be placed after MUX(post), before DeMUX(pre) or between sites (in line).
Only C and L bands can be amplified
Site A
Site B
Post OA
Booster
Line OA
Pre OA
MUX
DeMUX

18. 4 x ESCON Multiplexer module
4 ESCON ports are TDM multiplexed for maximum utilization of the available wavelengths.
SFP uplink provides high flexibility and inventory savings
Using CWDM SFP uplink saves the cost of the transponder
Single slot size, fitting any LD chassis
4 x ESCON
Ports
1Gbps uplink
SFP socket
4 ESCON
Ports
850/1310/CWDM
wavelength
Sub-rate MUX

19. 2 x GE/FC Multiplexer module
2 x GE or 2 x FC 1Gbps ports are TDM multiplexed into 2.5Gbps uplink for maximum utilization of the available wavelengths.
SFP ports provide high flexibility and inventory savings
Using CWDM SFP uplink saves the cost of the transponder
Single slot size, fitting any LD chassis
3 types:
All ports SFP
CWDM uplink port
DWDM uplink port
SFP WDM
port
Fixed WDM
port
2 x GE/FC
SFP ports
2.5Gbps uplink
SFP socket
Sub-rate MUX
850/1310/CWDM
wavelength
2 GE/FC
Ports

20. 10Gbps Transponders XFP access interface for highest flexibility
DWDM interface at ITU-T grid
Long distance – up to 80Km
10GE or STM64 with FEC versions
In field/In service upgrade of existing CWDM/DWDM networks

21. 1GE +8xE1+RS232 TDM module
SFP access interface for highest flexibility or fixed WDM port option
Choice of 1 to 8 E1/T1 ports (with external cabling)
E3/DS3 port option instead of 8 x E1’s.

22. Mux / DeMux modules
Mux/DeMux modules are used for Multiplexing / Demultiplexing different wavelength to a trunk.
The Mux/DeMux modules are used in a point-to-point connection or at a central PoP of a star or ring structure.
There are different Mux/DeMux modules required for CWDM and DWDM.

23. 10GE upgrade of CWDM network
CWDM+DWDM
Trunk
CWDM+DWDM
Trunk
CWDM
MUX
CWDM
MUX
1470nm
1470nm
1610nm
One 10GE upgrade
DWDM
MUX
1550nm
More than one 10GE upgrade
10GE Transponder
10GE Transponder
10GE Transponder
10GE Transponder
10GE Transponder
10GE Transponder
10GE Transponder

24. OADM Terminology
Common Channel
0.6 dB loss
Express Channel
When building a Ring or Linear ADM topology only part of the wavelengths need to be dropped/added at every node.
OADM’s – “pass through” without substantial attenuation all the channels that are not dropped.

25. Add/drop Multiplexer (OADM) Modules
Dual OADM interface
Single OADM interface
Add 1
Drop 2
Common In
Common Out
Express Out
Express In
Drop 1
Add 2
Add 1
Add 2
Drop 1
Drop 2
OUT IN
ADD/DROP ports
WDM trunk
ports
1 to 4 channels standard (other – per request)
Any combination of channels
Applications

26. WDM
Management

27. Management Module
Runs the management tasks and interfaces external managers by means of SNMP, Telnet or CLI.
Web based management option with MegaVision™
Provides configuration and link fault monitoring
OSC (Optical Service Channel) allows management of the remote unit using separate wavelength.

28. System Management Full support for all MRV products
Discover and monitor any vendor’s TCP/IP or SNMP device
Remotely accessible from anywhere, via standard Internet Web Browser

29. Optical Service Module
Provides remote connectivity for NMS.
Management port uses 1300nm wavelength (FE)
Management Data is added to “Colored” Data and sent on the WDM trunk.

30. Optical Supervisory Channel
Management
station
LAN
No LAN at this location
Mux
Transponder
Management
1310nm
1310nm
Management
Transponder
WDM
Transponder
SRV
Mux
SRV
Supervisory channel addition
Transponder

31. Using SRV module for other applications
STM x n
Management
1310nm
Multiplexed Signals
Transponder
WDM
Transponder
SRV
Fiber
Mux
Supervisory channel addition
Transponder

32. WDM
Redundancy concepts

33. 1+1 Protection Module
Provides automatic optical protection for the WDM link.
Mostly implemented in point-to-point (P-t-P) and linear ADM network topologies, when placed between the Mux/DeMux and the WDM link.
In ring topologies it can be placed between transponder and OADM’s, providing path (wavelength) protection.
1+1 redundancy can be ordered with OSC (Optical Supervisory Channel) on the same module.
Provides WDM signal splitting on the transmit side and protection switchover on the receiver side within less than 25ms.

34. Path and Link Protection

35. Link backup with the 1+1 Protection Module
MUX
Primary link
Secondary link
DeMUX
Optical
switch
Power
splitter

36. Only Fiber (Link) protection with 1+1 module per channel
One transponder and one 1+1 module per service connected to dual fiber ring for O-BPSR protection.
The switching is done by 1+1 module in less than 25ms
No H/W redundancy (except OADM)
WEST
OADM GE λ5
λ1 – λ8
1+1
redundancy
module
Transponder
Dual Fiber Ring
EAST
OADM
λ1 – λ8
LD800 λ5

37. Full HW and Fiber (Link) Protection including customer’s ports
2 transponders with the same or different WDM wavelength connected to dual fiber ring for O-BPSR protection.
Two ports are allocated for customer’s equipment, providing redundancy for the ports of the customer’s equipment.
The switching is done at the terminal equipment.
WEST
OADM
STM16 λ5
λ1 – λ8
Transponder
Dual Fiber Ring
EAST
OADM
Transponder
STM16
λ1 – λ8 λ5
LD800

38. Full HW and Fiber (link) protection (one customer Interface)
2 transponders with the same or different WDM wavelength connected to dual fiber ring for O-BPSR protection.
One port is provided by the customer’s equipment.
The signal splitting is done by Y-cable.
The switching is done by the LD hardware in less than 15ms.
WEST
OADM
Working module
λ1 – λ8 λ5
Y-cable
Transponder
Dual Fiber Ring
Y-cable
Redundant module
EAST
OADM
Transponder λ5
λ1 – λ8
LD800

39. P-t-P topology; only the Fiber (link) is Protected (redundant)

40. P-t-P; a fully redundant topology

41. P-t-P; Redundancy with a Y cable

42. Ring – Fiber only redundancy

43. Ring – Fiber (Link) redundancy (BO-2)

44. Ring – Fiber (Link) redundancy (BO-3)

45. WDM Typical applications and case studies

46. PtP with redundancy

47. Ring topology
LD1600
Single/Dual
Fiber Ring
LD800
LD400

48. Star – Multiple Point-to-Point

49. LDP300 - Passive distribution at the concentration middle point
4 X ESCON
Switch with colored GBIC GE
LD400 GE
LD400 GE
TDM aggregation
TDM aggregation
LDP300
LD800 GE GE GE
4 X ESCON

50. 32 DWDM channels configuration using two LD1600
When 32 channels needed at the initial stage and a 64 channels upgrad is planned – it is recommended to use 32 channel Mux/DeMux module with a band splitter
When 32 channels needed only in the future – it is recommended to start with 16 channels “Blue” Mux/DeMux module with band splitter and add the 16 channels “Red” Mux/DeMux module at the upgrade stage
16 “Red”
channels
16 “Blue”
32 channels Mux/DeMux
32 wavelengths DWDM trunk

51. Case Study – SAB Germany
Fully redundant Point to Point link
4 x FC GE
WDM link
LD800
The customer – SAB, a bank needed fully redundant DWDM connection between two branches for Fibre Channel and Gigabit Ethernet services.
Two parallel links were proposed. In case of fiber or hardware failure, the Brocade switch (FC) or the router (GE) would perform the link switchover.
LD800 price/performance and MRV’s strong local support advantages convinced the main contractor (Siemens) to chose the LD800 as a preferred solution.

52. Case Study End-users Starting Position: MRV‘s / Ascom‘s Solution:
Multiple Pairs of Dark Fibers
Rented from Swisscom
Distance Ile A/B to Lancy approx 10km
4 x FC 1Gig, upgradable to 2Gig
2 x GigE
MRV‘s / Ascom‘s Solution:
LD800 Chassis, 2 x PS
Management Module
1+1 Module
CWDM Mux and DeMux modules
6 x CWDM Transponder Modules

53. Case Study – Orange Romania
The customer – Orange Romania, a GSM carrier, needed a flexible solution with fiber protection and low initial cost, but with good upgrade path for gradual expansion of the network.
The first step was connecting two sites with 1+1 fiber redundancy providing FC and GbE services.
At the second stage a third site was added with different services allocations. Modules re-location and configuration changes were possible due to the modular structure of LD800, saving equipment cost.
LD800 price/performance and flexibility for in field configuration changes were the reasons for main contractor IBM Romania to chose MRV solution.

54. Road map 4/8 x FE TDM module – Q1/2005 4/8 x STM1 – Q1/2005
10 x GE/FC into 10Gbps TDM – Q2/2005
4 x STM16 into 10Gbps TDM – Q2/2005
Tunable laser transponder – Q2/2005
Tunable OADM (ROADM) – Q3/2005

55. Thank You

56. IBM Total Storage certified and others to come

57. Thank You

58. Thin film Multiplexer/Demultiplexer
Passive units which combine (Multiplex) number of incoming fibers into one fiber and splits (DeMultiplex) one fiber into number of outgoing fibers using wavelengths filters.
Multi-wavelength signal λ1
Mux λ1 λ3 λ3 λ2 λ2 λ4 λ4
DeMux
Back

59. Go Back!

60. WDM versus TDM Function WDM SDH/SONET Scalability
Just light on new wavelength
Costly and inefficient upgrade
Provisioning with fiber in place
Within days
Months
Long distances transmission
Optical Amplification
Expensive Electrical Repeaters
Protocol/Bit rate transparency
Yes, only clock retiming option
No,
Protocol/frame processing
Bandwidth limits
Potentially unlimited – 2Tbps?
40Gbps?
Back

61. WDM simplifies distance extensions and lowers upgrade costs
TDM Transmission – 10Gbps
OC48
80Km
80Km
80Km
OC48
RPTR
RPTR
OC48
80Km
80Km
80Km
OC48
RPTR
RPTR
OC48
80Km
80Km
80Km
OC48
RPTR
RPTR
OC48
80Km
80Km
80Km
OC48
RPTR
RPTR
DWDM Transmission – 10Gbps
80Km
80Km
80Km OA OA
4 x OC48
4 x OC48

62. Go Back!

63. Optical Transmission Bands
Short nm
Conventional nm
Long nm

64. DWDM versus CWDM ITU Grid Standard(G692) Frequency (THz)
Wavelength(nm)
196.1 (ch#61)
196.0 (ch#60)
195.9 (ch#59)
192.0 (ch#58)
191.9 (ch#57)
191.8 (ch#56)
191.7 (ch#55)

65. DWDM versus CWDM Parameter DWDM CWDM Inter channel spacing
As low as 0.2nm
20nm
Number of channels
More than 160
Up to 16
Optical Amplification
Yes
Very expensive and complicated
Technological complexity
High
Medium
Price per channel (two sides)
~20K$
~12K$
Market
Long haul, Metro
Metro, Access, Large enterprise

66. Maximum distance with Gbps protocols
# channels
CWDM
DWDM without EDFA
DWDM with EDFA 4
27db/108km
29db/116km
35db/140km 8
25db/100km
33.5/134km 16
21db/84km*
23db/92km
31/124km
*requires special fiber
Back

67. Dispersion
Transmitted data can be thought of as pulses of light. When there is a pulse - “1”, when there is no pulse - “0”.
Fiber is the transmission medium. When light travels down the fiber, the pulses spread out (similar to a freeway where cars in the fast lane travel faster than cars in the slow lane).
This causes problems when trying to determine if a “1” or a “0” is being received in a given data slot.
When dispersion limit is stated in a spec sheet, it usually gives a distance (km) or a pulse spreading unit (ps/nm) that limits the distance. Associated with this number is a 1 or 2 dB power penalty (hit on link budget).
1 ? 1

68. Dispersion calculations
Dispersion is measured in ps/nm/km, meaning that for every km of fiber traveled through, a pulse with a 1 nm spread of wavelengths will disperse by 1 ps for a dispersion of 1 ps/nm/km
Typical dispersion parameters of fibers :
SMF – 17 to 19 ps/nm/km
NZ-DSF – 2 to 6 ps/nm/km
DSF – 0 to 1 ps/nm/km
DFB lasers have about 0.2 nm range of wavelengths. Therefore with a 1 ps/nm/km chromatic dispersion, a 10-Gbit/s pulse with a 0.2nm spectral width will have spread by a whole bit period (100 ps) after 500 km of fiber and will then be completely indistinguishable.
With the same lasers 2.5Gbps pulses will be indistinguishable after 100Km with regular SMF!

69. Dispersion Compensation
Dispersion compensation is used to reshape the pulses (equivalent to changing the speed limits on the highway such that the fast lane travels slow while the slow lane catches up)
Dispersion Compensation Unit (DSU) – A fiber of opposite dispersion that compensates dispersion effects of regular transmission fiber
Compensation is available in 1U boxes from fiber vendors, in increments from 10-80km. Optical Amplifiers are needed to compensate DCU’s attenuation.
Lambda Driver transponders have the option of using laser with narrow wavelengths spread allowing distances of up to 640Km with 2.5Gbps rate without the need for DCU

70. Go Back!

71. Upgrading SONET/SDH 3 options for upgrading SONET ring:
Replace equipment, like OC48 to OC192
Install a new ring on new or existing dark fiber
Install one or more new rings by deploying WDM over existing fiber.
May be the most important application in the near term!

72. Migration steps from SONET/SDH to WDM
Direct interfacing
With edge equipment 1 3 2
Exchanging SONET
ADM’s with OADM’s

73. Go Back!

74. Migration from CWDM to DWDM
CWDM+DWDM
Trunk
20nm spacing
CWDM
MUX
1470nm
1490nm
1510nm
1530nm
1550nm
1570nm
1590nm
1610nm
1470nm
1610nm
1550nm
8 DWDM channels insertion
into one CWDM filter
0.8nm spacing
DWDM
MUX
DWDM channels nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
back

75. Go Back!

76. Lambda Driver delivers Full Spectrum CWDM transmission
1270
1290
1310
1330
1350
1370
1390
1410
1430
1450
1470
1490
1510
1530
1550
1570
1590
1610 O1 O2 O3 O4 O5 E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 S1 S2 S3 C1 C2 L1 L2 L3
NEW SPECTRUM
Using fibers without the water peak provides more service capacity by utilizing the E zone
while Preserving All SMF Capabilities:
Identical splicing
Identical dispersion
Identical 1310 and 1550nm reach
Identical nonlinear behaviors .
ITU-T G694.2
1250
1300
1350
1400
1450
1500
1550
1600
Wavelength (nm)
1650
wavelength (nm) E U
0.3
0.6
0.9
Loss (dB/km) O L C S
SMF
(water peak exists)
Dispersion (ps/nm.km)
SMF/AllWave® fiber
(same dispersion)
AllWave® fiber
(water peak removed)
1.2
-10 10 20
Back

77. Go Back!

78. Dual Interface OADM operation
DF OADM-1
DF OADM-1 #7 #7
All channes
Pass besides
ch #7 #7 #7
All channes
Pass besides
ch #7
Trans- ponder #7
Trans- ponder #7
End-gerät 1
End user 2

79. Dual Fiber OADM with 4 channels#1 #1
All channels
besides #1 - #4 #4 #4
DF OADM-4
DF OADM-4 #1 #1
All channels
besides #1 - #4 #4 #4
Left1
Left 2
Left 3
Left 4
Right1
Right 2
Right 3
Right 4

80. Single Interface OADM Back SF OADM-1 SF OADM-1 #7 All channes
Pass besides
ch #7 #7
SF OADM-1 #7
All channes
Pass besides
ch #7 #7
Trans- ponder #7
Trans- ponder #7
Back
End user 1
End user 2

81. Go Back!

82. Full HW protection, including customer ports – terminal based protection
2 transponders with the same or different WDM wavelength connected to dual fiber ring for O-UPSR protection.
Two ports are provided to terminal equipment, providing terminal based redundancy.
The switching is done at the terminal equipment.
λ1 – λ8
Transponder λ5
EAST
OADM
WEST
STM16
LD800
Dual Fiber Ring

83. Full HW protection with one customer port – transport based protection
2 transponders with the same or different WDM wavelength connected to dual fiber ring for O-UPSR protection.
One port is provided by customer equipment.
The signal splitting is done by Y-cable.
The switching is done by the LD hardware in less than 15ms.
λ1 – λ8
Transponder λ5
EAST
OADM
WEST
Y-cable
LD800
Dual Fiber Ring
Working module
Redundant module

84. Full HW protection with one customer port and one module (TM2-SFP)
2 transponders ON THE SAME MODULE with the same or different WDM wavelength connected to dual fiber ring for O-UPSR protection.
One port is provided by customer equipment.
The signal splitting is done by Y-cable.
The switching is done by the LD hardware in less than 15ms.
WEST
OADM
λ1 – λ8 λ5
Dual
Transponder
Working
path
Y-cable
Dual Fiber Ring
Y-cable
EAST
OADM
Redundant
path λ5
λ1 – λ8
LD800

85. Fiber only protection with 1+1 module per channel
One transponder and one 1+1 module per service connected to dual fiber ring for O-UPSR protection.
The switching is done by 1+1 module in less than 25ms
No H/W redundancy (except OADM)
WEST
OADM
λ1 – λ8 λ5
1+1
redundancy
module GE
Transponder
Dual Fiber Ring λ5
EAST
OADM
λ1 – λ8
LD800

86. Go Back!

87. Go Back!

88. EDFA Principle
EDFA - Erbium-doped fiber amplifier

89. Go Back!