1. 1.Archipelago – (define) A group of islands 2. Two names for this region – (C & WI) Caribbean & West Indies 3. Three groups of islands in Caribbean – (B-GA-LA) Bahamas, Greater Antilles, Lesser Antilles 4. Taino – (Who were they?) The Taino & the Caribs were the original Native American groups on the islands.

2. 5. First European Settlement - (Name? Location? What happened there?) Columbus started Santo Domingo in what is today the Dominican Republic. 6. Main Plantation Crop – (Name the crop) (Who worked on the plantations- first? second? third?) Sugarcane grew well and brought extreme wealth to the islands. The White Europeans owned the plantations. The workers were first the Native Americans, but they died of disease, then the Africa slaves until slavery ended, then immigrants from South Asia. 7.Culture Today – (What religion? What languages? What sports?) The main religion is Christianity. Mostly Spanish, French, & English are spoken. Baseball is popular on Spanish islands, soccer on French islands, and cricket on English islands.

3. 8. Communism – (What is communism? Which nation in Caribbean is communist today?) When a government controls the economy and owns the businesses and resources in an effort to give everyone an equal standard of living. Cuba is the only communist nation in the Western Hemisphere. 9. Leader of Cuba Today – (Name him. How long has he been in power?) Fidel Castro – He has ruled for 47 years (since 1959), longer than anyone alive. 10. Embargo – (Define it. Why did the US place an embargo against Cuba? A ban on trade with another nation. The US started the embargo against Cuba to punish it for taking over American owned businesses in Cuba.

4. 11. Cuba’s Ally? - (Name the nation) The Soviet Union (Now Russia) was Cuba’s main ally. It was also communist. 12. Cuban Missile Crisis – (What do you remember from the video?) In 1962 when the Soviet Union sent nuclear missiles to Cuba, the US, under President Kennedy, threatened to invade Cuba. The Soviet Union backed down at the last minute. It was the closest the world has ever come to a nuclear war. 13. Cuba Today - (Not in textbook – Teacher will explain in class) Cuba is still communist; Castro still rules. Russia is no longer communist & no longer supports Cuba, which has led to more poverty on the island. Thousands of Cubans have fled to the USA on rafts and small boats; many have died.

5. 14. Racial Groups Today – (What races of people you expect to find in the Caribbean. Why?) Most islanders are Black descendents of the slaves or mulattoes. A few islanders are descendents of Europeans or Asians, but there are almost no Native Americans left today. 15. Hispaniola – (What is it? Name two countries on Hispaniola.) The island containing two nations – Haiti and Domincan Republic 16. Toussaint-Louverture – (Who was he? What did he do? ) African-American slave who led an uprising against the French to make Haiti the first independent nation in all of Latin America and the first nation ruled by ex-slaves in the world.

6. 17. Puerto Rico - (Belongs to what country? What is its standard of living like?) Puerto Rico is part of the U.S. It has the highest standard of living in the Caribbean (in other words, it’s the wealthiest island) 18. Commonwealth – (Define it. Rights of Puerto Ricans? A commonwealth is a partly self-governing territory of the US. It has its owngovernment and passes its own laws but must also follow American laws.Puerto Ricans are American citizens with all the rights of citizenship. 19. Three Political Choices Facing Puerto Rico – (Guess.) (1) Independence (2) Statehood (3) Continue as a Commonwealth