1. National Conference on Agriculture for Rabi Campaign, 2013 Group –IV Interventions to increase Oilseeds, Pulses Production in different ecologies Date : 24-25 Sept Venue: National Agriculture Science Centre Pusa Complex, New Delhi DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE & CANE DEVELOPMENT GOVERNMENT OF JHARKHAND 1

2. 2 JHARKHAND STATE PROFILE Area in % Area in Lakhs Ha * Total Geographical Area: 79.71 * Total Cultivable Land :38.00 * Net Sown Area:28.08% 25.75 * Current Fallow:11.12%8.87 * Other Fallow:08.46%6.75 * Forest:29.20%23.28 * Barren Lands:7.20%5.74 * Non – Agricultural Use:8.60%6.86 * Pasture and Other Grazing Land:2.48%1.97 * Cultivable Waste Land:3.44%2.74 * Irrigated land:12.73%3.007 * Cropping Intensity :116%

3.  Average Normal rainfall-1200 to 1300 mm  Rainfall during June to Sept-80 % of total Rainfall  Present Trend of Rainfall - Rainfall delayed & Late onset of Monsoon  Upto 20 th Sept 2013 3

4. Rainfall…..monthly distribution 4

5. Rainfall during April to Sept.(mm) S No.YearSource : Directorate of Agril.Source : IMD, Ranchi NormalActualNormalActual 12013-14992.1820.71148.1823.8 2April12.420.922.3020.9 3May,42.278.744.978.7 4June167.7162.9196.6162.9 5July276.1197.4327.0197.4 6Aug273.5266.3322.5266.3 721 st Sept,13220.294.5234.897.6 5

6. Land Situation Total Cultivable Land -38 lakh ha Area under Kharif -26 lakh ha Area under Rabi -6-7 Lakh ha Upland Rice Area -5-6 Lakh ha Rice Fallow Area-12-14 Lakh ha There is a potential of taking Pulses & Oilseeds in 12-14 Lakh ha of Rice-Fallow area. 6

7. APY of Cereals, Pulses, Oilseeds and others Crop2008-092009-10 2010-11 APYAPYAPY Cereals 1998.9513866.58719341282.0241914.87414941041.5331534.9821474 Pulses (Kharif) 222.948131.351589172.983114.854649278.255187.466673 Rabi 236.928137.431580128.784104.875814127.02124.956984 Total 459.876268.782584301.767219.729728405.275312.422770 Oilseeds (Kharif) 29.81621.17971023.88413.94458354.69332.78599 Rabi 100.70652.127518117.57364.931552127.32080.880635 Total130.52273.306561141.45778.875558182.013113.66624 Others155.165934.48716940-- Crop2011-122012-132013-14* APYAPYAPY Cereals2140.3336367.73329751792.4534719.20324151268.0883064.1991187 Pulses (Kharif) 287.472243.792848336.253314.771936315.858309.580981 Pulses (Rabi) 251.312248.458989214.765357.7121666 Total538.784492.25913551.018672.4831220--- Oilseeds (Kharif) 29.17325.12086135.56632.357909--- Rabi199.694130.403653196.714153.055773--- Total228.807155.733679232.280184.392794- Others6.607457.30969215--- Area in ‘000 ha Production in ‘000 tonnes Yield in kg/ha 7 * 1 st Advance estimate

8. Coverage of Kharif and Rabi Pulses in ‘000 ha 8

9. Production of Kharif and Rabi Pulses in ‘000 Tonnes 9

10. Coverage of Kharif and Rabi Oilseeds in ‘000 ha 10

11. Production of Kharif and Rabi Oilseeds in ‘000 Tonnes 11

12. APY of different Pulses Crops Crop2008-092009-10 2010-11 APYAPYAPY Arhar103.38063.71761661.18153.277870103.80671.156685 Urad86.41750.55858563.17735.07965089.59271.856802 Moong14.6018.54158414.0447.72455046.89123.473500 Kulthi13.986.0843536.57522.75962229.40217.015578 Bengal Gram89.53580.30989663.00157.5991369.92473.5361052 Masur19.51415.80380942.72634.46180620.93917.210822 Pea25.80834.901135224.09721.31188436.15734.210946 Crop2011-122012-132013-14 * APYAPYAPY Arhar137.741125.906914192.737199.8191039178.068199.4361120 Urad99.59188.85189295.96286.81290598.45286.638880 Moong17.26111.68269625.49716.06863020.96011.738560 Kulthi15.7729.46062511.2536.634590--- Bengal Gram149.474154.8191036136.395251.9401847--- Masur50.03042.23584438.46544.1091147--- Pea41.50546.315111623.99748.1932008 Area in ‘000 ha Production in ‘000 tonnes Yield in kg/ha 12 * 1 st Advance Estimate

13. Coverage of different Pulses crops (’000 ha) 13

14. Productivity Chart of Arhar, Urad, Moong & Kulthi Unit in Kg/ha

15. 15

16. Productivity (Kg/ha) Chart of Pea, Bengal Gram, Masur 16

17. Popular varieties under Pulses Sl. No.CropVarieties 1.ArharBahar, Birsa Arhar-1, UPAS-120, ICPL-87119 (Asha), ICPL- 85063 (Laxmi), ICPH- 2671, Narandra - 1 2.Black Gram (Urad)T9, Pant U-19, Pant U-30, Birsa Urad-1, Pant U-40 3.Green Gram (Moong)Pusa Vishal, SML- 668, K-851, PDM – 139, TM-37 4.Horse Gram (Kulthi)Birsa Kulthi-1, Madhu, A. K. -21, A. K. -42 5.Chickpea (Gram)BG-372, Pant G -114, Pusa -256, Kranti (ICCU-37), KWR - 108, KPG-59, H.K.– 94 -134, KAK-2 6.Lentil (Masur)PL-406, PL – 639, KLS – 218, K- 75, HUL - 57 7.PeaDDR-23, Pusa Prabhat, Malviya Matar – 15 17

18. Seed Production Status (Pulses) YearCropProduction in Qtls 2011-12Arhar2450 qtls Lentil25 qtls Gram250 qtls Total2725 qtls 2012-13Arhar1410 qtls Gram1000 qtls Lentil500 qtls Total2910 qtls 2013-14 *Arhar17184 qtls Blackgram1540 qtls Moong1496 qtls Gram26500 qtls Lentil4000 qtls Pea8800 qtls Total59520 qtls 18 * Targeted

19. APY of different oilseed crops Crop 2008-092009-102010-11 APYAPYAPY Groundnut21.96218.39983714.21510.732754 25.53123.340914 Niger2.6010.9493644.6011.574342 24.5727.826318 Sesamum4.0181.3433344.2841.328311 4.4281.555351 Mustard66.92136.23254196.25655.695578 110.86372.371653 Linseed29.60313.42545319.38428.464426 15.8738.163514 Crop 2011-122012-132013-14 * APYAPYAPY Groundnut 25.16027.9841112 22.40426.2721173 23.03426.7191160 Niger 7.4913.896520 4.6002.420526 1.0050.583580 Sesamum 7.6812.771361 8.2472.921354 7.8045.300680 Mustard 198.056125.671635 176.883139.957791 Linseed 25.08213.434536 25.66416.405639 Area in ‘000 ha Production in ‘000 tonnes Yield in kg/ha 19 * 1 ST Advance Estimate

20. Coverage of different Oilseed crops (‘000 ha) 20

21. Productivity (Kg/ha) Chart of Groundnut, Niger, Sesamum 21

22. Productivity (Kg/ha) Chart of Mustard and Linseed 22

23. Popular varieties under Oilseeds S No.CropVarieties 1.GroundnutBirsa Bold, A. K. 12-24, BG-1, BG-2, GG-13 2.TilKanke Safed, Krishna, N-25 3.SoybeanBrag, Birsa Soybean -1, J.S. -335, Birsa Safed Soybean-2, J-J. 80- 21 4.ToriaToria-T9, PT-303, Panchali, Vardan 5.Rai/ MustardKranti, Pusa Bishal, Shivani, Pusa Bold 6.NigerBirsa Niger-1, Birsa Niger-2, Birsa Niger-3 7.LinseedT 397, Shekhar, Sweta, Shubhra 23

24. Requirement & Availability of Seeds under Pulses & Oilseeds Kharif, 2013 CropRequirement in Qtls Availability in QtlDeficit in qtl (-) Arhar17184117516089 Moong748- Urad2304563.81740.20 Soyabean1822--1822 Tori1295-- 24

25. Requirement & Availability of Seeds under Pulses & Oilseeds Rabi, 2013-14 CropRequirement in Qtls Availability in Qtls * Deficit (-) Bengal Gram 18750 104158335 Pea60006750(+) 750 Masur 6000 8605(+) 2605 Mustard 9012 65602452 Linseed 1350 1201230 25

26. Procurement of Pulses & Oilseeds No procurement of Pulses and Oilseed till last year. Effort for procurement of pulses & oilseed is undertaken during 2012-13. NAFED (Central Govt. Agency) tie-up for procurement. VEGFED (State level Agency) engaged for procurement through PACs/ LAMPs District wise target for procurement of Pulses / Oilseed finalized on the basis of production. Dy. Commissioner of concerned district designated to oversees the procurement process. ATMA & other agencies are involved for awareness programme for procurement. 1036 qtls Urad was procured during 2012-13. 26

27. Concerns in Oilseeds & Pulses Continued dependence of oilseeds on rainfed production system Non availability of quality seeds of improved varieties Poor crop nutrition – Sub-optimal and imbalanced use of major nutrients – Minimal use of secondary and micronutrients New biotic threats: Inefficient processing Inadequate marketing support and non-remunerative prices 27

28. Past growth Past growth – 49% contributed by area expansion 51% by productivity improvement Area expansion in oilseed and Pulses crops which have  Shown higher growth rate of productivity due to technological development  Whose relative prices with competing crops have moved in their favour  Higher growth rates combined with higher prices resulting in sharp increases in total profitability Area Expansion 28

29. Area Expansion Use of fallow / barren land under pulses and oilseed through land reclamation and use of INM. Rice – fallow be used with short duration pulses & oilseed crops. Under remmunerative cropping system oilseed and pulses crop be used as catch crop or relay crop. Crop intensification in underutilized farming situations like rice -fallows Intercropping in widely spaced crops Situations of limited water availability As options under contingency planning and as catch crops Replacement of less-remunerative crops Promotion of oilseed and Pulses crops in saline and acid soils Crop diversification in rice-rice and rice-wheat system areas 29

30. Enhancing Oilseeds & Pulses Productivity A combination of land saving technologies involving : - High yielding varieties/hybrids - Balanced and integrated crop nutrition - Efficient crop management - Integrated pest management - Mechanisation 30

31. Nutrient Management in Oilseeds & Pulses Oilseeds & Pulses are energy rich crops grown under energy starved conditions Good response to major, (N, P, K); secondary (S) and micronutrients (Zn, B, Mo) Need for fertilizer management on a cropping system basis for high use efficiency 31

32. Biofertilizers in Oilseed & Pulses Production Seed innoculation with Rhizobium in pulses and Some oilseeds (Groundnut and Soybean) to save 20-25 kg N /ha. Seed treatment with Azospirillum and Azotobacter saves 20 to 30 kg N/ha in sesame, mustard, sunflower and safflower Application of phosphorus solubilising bacteria (PSB) mobilizes fixed P in soil and reduces P requirement 32

33. Irrigation  More than 77% of oilseeds & Pulses area is rainfed  Water requirements of oilseeds & Pulses are low as compared to cereals  Productivity of most oilseed & Pulses crops can almost be doubled with just one or two irrigations during critical stages  Diversify with oilseed and Pulses crops when water supplies are limited 33

34. Efficient Crop Management Low cost and no cost technologies  Crop rotation to improve soil health and to reduce pest build up  Soil and moisture conservation measures  Timely planting  Adequate plant stand through adjustment in seed rate and thinning  Timely weed management to reduce crop weed competition  Need based plant protection with bioagents and biopesticides  Promotion of PGPR like Rhizobium, Azotobacter, Azospirillum, PSB, etc.  Liming in acid soil to improve crop productivity. 34

35. Important Insect Pests and Diseases of Oilseed Crops Groundnut Leaf SpotBud NecrosisRoot GrubSpodoptera Rapeseed- Mustard Sunflower Alternaria leaf blightNecrosisCapitulum borer Contd… White rustAphidAlternaria Soybean Tobacco caterpillar Girdle beetle grubGreen semilooper 35

36. Important Insect Pests and Diseases of Pulses Crops Pigeonpea Pod borerWilt Black gram Pea Powdary mildewRustPod borer Yellow mosaicHairy catter pillar Chickpea Pod borerWilt Sterlity mosaic Sucking insect Leaf wrinkle 36

37. Managing Insect Pests and Diseases Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices have been standardised involving resistant varieties, biocontrol agents, biopesticides and need-based use of chemicals Additional benefit with IPM ranges from Rs. 2500/ha to Rs. 7600/ha in different oilseed & Pulses crops 37

38. Preparedness for monitoring and Surveillance of insects, pests and diseases Selection of farmers facilitator / Scout one at every 100 ha area. Weekly report about occurrence of insect, pest & diseases by farmers facilitator / Scout under his area. Monitoring by ADO’s at block level (1000 ha) area. Constitution of Disaster Management Group at district level. To keep surveillance on insect pest and diseases infestation in pulses and oilseed crops following arrangement may be made on the pattern of NFSM – A3P Pulses programme. 38

39. Strategy for enhancing Cost Benefit Ratio in Pulses and Oilseeds for making crops more profitable Selection of area specific suitable crop variety. Use of higher yield potential crop varieties. Use of INM and IPM to increase productivity. To ensure one or two irrigation at critical growth stages. Proper marketing facility to fetch higher profitability in local market. Arrangement for 100% seed treatment / seed innoculation. 39

40. Innovative technology to be taken at farmers field during Rabi - 2013-14 Arrangement for 100% seed treatment / seed inoculation. Use of Sulphur at 20kgs/ha. Use of raingun to provide irrigation at critical growth stages. Incentive to farmers for INM/IPM. Incentive for farm mechanization. 40

41. Future Research Thrusts Yield enhancement with resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses Developing varieties suitable for different seasons/ situations Hybrid development and seed production technology Biotechnological approaches 41

42. Road Map for Oilseed & Pulses Sector  Expand oilseed and Pulses area Rice fallows and non-traditional areas Intercropping Crop diversification  Effective technology dissemination for enhancing productivity Quality seed of improved varieties Balanced crop nutrition Protective irrigation Effective crop management Integrated pest management  Provide favorable policy back up Decontrol of traditional oilseeds and Pulses from small scale sector to enhance efficiency of processing Effective market interventions Favourable trade policy 42

43. Improving Production and Productivity of Oilseeds & Pulses in India Favourable Policy Framework (Processing, Marketing, Trade) Area Expansion Replacing non-remunerative crops Rice fallows Intercropping Problem areas Contingency plans Water scarce situations Value addition as an incentive Diversification in Rice-Wheat System Productivity Improvement Quality seed Protective irrigation Increased fertilizer use (major, secondary and micro nutrients) Farm mechanisation Efficient crop management Effective technology transfer Over coming biotic/abiotic stresses through novel approaches (long-term) 43

44. A3P unit of Rabi pulses demonstration in each NFSM (Pulses) district. Govt. of India is requested to include the state in oilseed programme. Increase of allocation under pulses (NFSM – Pulses) programme. Issues for consideration 44

45. THANK YOU 45