1. Climate

2. Climate Average weather conditions at a location over a long period of time. Average weather conditions at a location over a long period of time. Determined by temperature and precipitation. Determined by temperature and precipitation.

3. 4 Factors Affecting Climate (Temperature & Precipitation)

4. 1.Latitude (uneven heating from equator to poles)

5. 2.Elevation (temperature drops the higher your elevation)

6. 3. Distance from Large Bodies of Water (oceans, seas, large lakes) oceans hold their heat longer creating mild coastal climates oceans hold their heat longer creating mild coastal climates

7. 4. Ocean Currents Warm-water currents warm coastal climates Warm-water currents warm coastal climates Cold-water currents cool coastal climates. Cold-water currents cool coastal climates.

8. Climate Zones (Temperature and Precipitation)

9. FOUR Basic Climate Zones (Based on Temperature & Precipitation) Tropical – (0-25 degrees latitude) warm temps year round & high levels of precipitation Tropical – (0-25 degrees latitude) warm temps year round & high levels of precipitation Desert (Arid) – (25-35 degrees latitude) hot temps during day & low levels of precipitation Desert (Arid) – (25-35 degrees latitude) hot temps during day & low levels of precipitation Temperate – (35-60 degrees latitude) seasonal temps & moderate/seasonal precipitation Temperate – (35-60 degrees latitude) seasonal temps & moderate/seasonal precipitation Polar – (60-90 degrees latitude) cold temps year round & low levels of precipitation Polar – (60-90 degrees latitude) cold temps year round & low levels of precipitation

10. FOUR Basic Climate Zones

11. Koppen’s Climate Zone Classification

12. Koppen’s Climate Zone Classifications

13. Climate Change

14. El Nino El Nino (impact on global climate for 1-2 yrs) Dry conditions in the western Pacific (Australia & Indonesia)Dry conditions in the western Pacific (Australia & Indonesia) Heavy rainfall in South America (Peru) & Southern U.S.Heavy rainfall in South America (Peru) & Southern U.S. Mild winter temps in Northern U.S.Mild winter temps in Northern U.S.

15. Volcanic Eruption Volcanic Eruption (1-100s of yrs depending on size of eruption) Volcanic dust & sulfur dioxide blocks solar energy

16. Meteor Impact Meteor Impact (similar to volcanic eruptions)

17. Global Warming Global Warming (human impact on atmosphere, could be 100s of yrs)

18. Ice Ages Ice Ages (1000s of yrs)

19. Ice Age (from ocean current “conveyor belt”)

20. Continental Drift Continental Drift (millions of yrs)