1. Communicating Science Nick Melcher presentation for the Verde River Water Advisory Committee Feb 20, 2008

2. Lets recognize how fundamental the differences between scientists and policy-makers are: Scientists Policy-makers

3. Focus on science details Learning Probable outcomes Accountable to technical peers Tentative Focus on big issues Decisions Yes or No Accountable to external forces Forceful ScientistsPolicy-makers Perspective

4. Approach Incremental inferences Work with small science groups Specialized language Long time frame Outcomes Broad implications Work with public General audience Quick Response ScientistsPolicy-makers Process

5. Resolutions for Scientists Recognition of problem Recognize obligations to public Look for training opportunities Audience awareness Learn more about the larger issue Awareness of conjunctive programs Participate in project meetings or briefings Recognize what you know Make presentation warm-ups Use general audience report reviews

6. Resolutions for Policy-makers Recognition of problem Understand scientific process Interrupt and ask questions Study the proposal Make sure objectives address the issue Request an executive summary You may have to make decisions with uncertainty Give feedback Use local resources for interpreting science

7. Resolutions for Science Managers Recognition of problem Organize training More public exposure for scientists Identify role models and mentors Include scientists in program meetings Review project objectives with scientist Encourage interest diversity in staff General audience report review Science managers as intermediators Proper use of skillsets

8. Science Presentations for General Audiences First cite the broad societal issue. Provide background information on the issue. Credit earlier work. Begin to bring the broad issue down to the specifics being study in a step-wise progression. Present research emphasizing what has been learned over data and analysis. Qualify any speculative statements. Incrementally bring the research findings back up to explain how the findings address the societal issue.

9. Be aware of the: Spellcasters Spellcasters Easy solutions Easy solutions Excessive promisers Excessive promisers 15 minute wonders 15 minute wonders

10. Rather consider: Experience, training, and accomplishments Experience, training, and accomplishments Communication skills- 360 degrees Communication skills- 360 degrees Real skills, Resources and organizational support Real skills, Resources and organizational support Can they do the science and answer your questions? Can they do the science and answer your questions? Products—proposals, presentations, reports Products—proposals, presentations, reports Objectivity Objectivity