1. Renal System Histology and Models

2. Types of kidney stones

3. Adrenal gland Kidney Renal artery Ureter Urinary bladder Spleen

4. Adrenal gland Kidney Ureter Urinary bladder Prostate gland Urethra

5. Trigone Prostate gland Urethra

6. Adrenal gland Kidney Ureter Urinary bladder Prostate gland Urethra

7. Kidney Regions The kidney is divided into three REGIONS. If the question asks you to name the REGION, the answer is one of the below: –CORTEX –MEDULLA –RENAL PELVIS

8. Cortex Medulla Renal Pelvis REGIONS

9. Cortex Medulla Renal Pelvis REGIONS

10. Kidney Structures If the question asks you to name the STRUCTURE, it is one of the below: Within the cortex, you will find the glomeruli and the proximal and distal convoluted tubules. Within the medulla you will find the loops of Henle, collecting ducts, the pyramids and the columns (pale area between the pyramids). Within the renal pelvis you will find the hilus, the major calyxes, which branch into the minor calyxes.

11. Cortex: Glomerulus Proximal and Distal convoluted tubules Medulla: Loops of Henle Collecting duct Pyramids Columns Renal pelvis Hilus Major calyxes Minor calyxes

12. Cortex: Glomerulus Proximal and Distal convoluted tubules Medulla: Loops of Henle Collecting duct Pyramids Columns Renal pelvis Hilus Major calyxes Minor calyxes

13. Renal Cortex Renal Medulla Renal pelvis Adrenal Cortex Adrenal Medulla

14. Pyramids Hilus Ureter Major calyx Minor calyx

15. Pyramids Hilus Ureter Calyx

16. Pyramids Hilus Kidney stones Ureter

17. Renal artery Segmental artery Interlobar artery Interlobular artery Arcuate artery

18. Renal artery Interlobular artery Interlobar artery Arcuate artery Segmental artery

19. KIDNEY MODEL Glomerulus Proximal convoluted tubule Descending loop of the nephron –Thick segment –Thin segment Ascending loop of the nephron –Thick segment –Thin segment Distal convoluted tubule Collecting duct Vasa recta

20. Glomerulus Vasa recta

21. Distal convoluted tubule Proximal convoluted tubule Glomerulus Descending loop of the Nephron Ascending loop of the nephron Collecting duct

22. Thick segment of the ascending loop of the nephron Thick segment of the descending loop of the nephron Thin segment of the ascending loop of the nephron Thin segment of the descending loop of the nephron Study Tip: To get oriented, always start at the glomerulus and run your finger down the proximal convoluted tubule. When it loops back up and thickens, you are now at the distal convoluted tubule.

23. Efferent arteriole Afferent arteriole Glomerular (Bowman’s) capsule Macula densa Proximal convoluted tubule GLOMERULUS

24. vasa recta peritubular capillaries

25. vasa recta peritubular capillaries

26. KIDNEY SLIDES Glomerulus –(simple squamous epithelium) Convoluted tubules –(simple cuboidal epithelium)

27. Glomerulus Tubule Skip

28. Glomerulus Convoluted Tubule

29. Kidney Glomerulus