1. Introduction to Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering

2. Introduction to Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering
Humans manipulate how traits pass on

3. Selective Breeding
Allowing only those organisms with desired characteristics to produce the next generation
Pass desired traits onto next generation
Done with domestic organisms
Ex. Only letting two specific German Shepherds breed due to having desired German Shepherd traits/colors/markings/etc.

4. Hybridization
Crossing of dissimilar individuals to bring together the best of both organisms
Offspring are often hardier than parents
Ex. Can withstand more extreme temperatures, more endurance, need less water, etc.

5. A Tigon – a cross between a male tiger and a female lion.
Some Hybrid Examples
A Tigon – a cross between a male tiger and a female lion.

6. Some Hybrid Examples
A Liger – a cross between a male lion and a female tiger.

7. Some Hybrid Examples
A Zorse – a cross between a male zebra and a female horse.

8. A Mule – a cross between a male donkey and a female horse.
Some Hybrid Examples
A Mule – a cross between a male donkey and a female horse.

9. A Beefalo – a cross between a buffalo/bison and cattle.
Some Hybrid Examples
A Beefalo – a cross between a buffalo/bison and cattle.

10. A leopon – a leopard and a lion cross.
Some Hybrid Examples
A leopon – a leopard and a lion cross.

11. Some Hybrid Examples

12. A Cama – a cross between a llama and a camel.
Some Hybrid Examples
A Cama – a cross between a llama and a camel.

13. Labradoodles – a cross between labradors and poodles.
Some Hybrid Examples
Labradoodles – a cross between labradors and poodles.

14. Goldendoodles – a cross between golden retrievers and poodles.
Some Hybrid Examples
Goldendoodles – a cross between golden retrievers and poodles.

15. Some Hybrid Examples
Many of the wide variations in the colors of flowers is due to hybridization.

16. Inbreeding
Continued breeding of individuals with similar characteristics
Ensures that the characteristics that make each breed unique are preserved
Done with dogs, cats, horses, etc
Does have risk for exposing genetic defects
Ex. Hip problems in German Shepherds, and many large dog breeds

17. Increasing Variation
Breeders can increase the genetic variation in a population by incorporating mutations
Mutations are the ultimate source of genetic variability