1. Biotechnology
Biotechnology is the combination of technology and biological sciences.
1. Selective breeding Resources:
Inbreeding Biology (Prentice Hall)
Hybridization Chapter 13 Genetic Engineering
Pages 319 to 336
2. Genetic Engineering
Electrophoresis Gel
DNA fingerprint
Cloning
Genetically Modified Organisms
3. What do you have to know?
Name of the technique
Brief description of what is involved in the technique
One specific example of how this technique has been used
How humans have benefited from that technique?
What are the concerns?

2. Goal: Understand the meaning of “Selective Breeding”
New Word: Select, choose, breeding, mating, crossing, reproducing, procreating
Selective Breeding
discriminating
choosy
mating
reproduction
crossing
Definitions of breeding:
Producing offspring by the selection of parents
Giving birth to young
Reproduce
In context
Rabbits breed quickly
Breeding dogs and raising puppies can be an extremely rewarding experience or it may produce frustration and failure.
procreation

3. Selecting Breeding Goal: Understand the Process of Selective Breeding
New Word: Select, choose, breeding, mating, crossing, reproducing, procreating
Selecting Breeding
Red delicious Machintosh Granny Smith Gala Wild apple
Sweet Tart Juicy Sour Crunchy
Type
Color
Shape
Size
Taste
Red delicious
Macintosh
Granny Smith
Gala
Wild apple
red
green
yellow
Yellow
round
Flat
medium
big
small
Very small
sweet
tart
juicy
sour
crunchy
1. Examine apples of different varieties
2. Record the color, shape, size, taste.
3. Circle the most desirable traits for an apple you would like to grow
4. How could you produce an apple that has the best traits of all 5 varieties?
5. Most apple trees do not produce fruit until they are about 15 years old. How could you use your knowledge of DNA to produce a new variety of apple more quickly

4. Goal: Understand the Process of Selective Breeding
New Word: Select, choose, breeding, mating, crossing, reproducing, procreating
Selective Breeding
The breeding of animals or plants that have desirable characteristics
Breeding an organism that has a desirable trait with another so that the desirable trait is passed to the next generation.

5. Goal: Understand the Process of Inbreeding
New Word: Select, choose, breeding, mating, crossing, reproducing, procreating
Inbreeding
Inbreeding is the continued breeding of individuals with similar characteristics.

6. Goal: Understand the Process of Inbreeding
New Word: Select, choose, breeding, mating, crossing, reproducing, procreating

7. Hybridization Donkey Horse Mule
Goal: Understand the Process of Hybridization
New Word: Select, choose, breeding, mating, crossing, reproducing, procreating
Hybridization
Hybridization is the crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together
the best of both organisms.
Donkey
Horse
Mule
Zeedonk

8. Example of Hybrids Goal: Understand the Process of Hybridization
New Word: Select, choose, breeding, mating, crossing, reproducing, procreating
Example of Hybrids
Mule, a cross of female horse and a male donkey.
Hinny, a cross between a female donkey and a male horse. Mule and hinny are examples of reciprocal hybrids.
Zeedonk or Zonkey, a zebra/donkey cross.
Zorse, a zebra/horse cross
Beefalo, a cross of an American bison and a domestic cow. This is a fertile breed.
Zubron, a hybrid between wisent (European bison) and domestic cow.
Ligers and Tiglons (crosses between a lion and a tiger) and other Panthera hybrids such as the lijagulep.

9. Goal: Understand the Process of Selective Breeding
New Word: Select, choose, breeding, mating, crossing, reproducing, procreating
Selective Breeding
consists of
Similar organisms
Organism breed A
which crosses
which crosses
Organism breed A
for example
for example
Retains desired characteristics
Combines desired characteristics
Organism breed B
which
which
Inbreeding
Hybridization
Dissimilar organisms

10. Goal: Understand the Process of Selective Breeding
New Word: Select, choose, breeding, mating, crossing, reproducing, procreating
Concept Map
Section 13-1
Selective Breeding
consists of
Inbreeding
Hybridization
which crosses
which crosses
Similar organisms
Dissimilar organisms
for example
for example
Organism breed A
Organism breed B
which
which
Retains desired characteristics
Combines desired characteristics

11. Goal: Understand the Process of Selective Breeding
New Word: Select, choose, breeding, mating, crossing, reproducing, procreating
DO NOW: Fill the blanks with the words: hybridization or inbreeding
Crossing individuals with different traits is called ________________________
Breeding individuals with similar characteristics is called __________________
Crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together the best of both organisms
___________________________
The continued breeding of individuals with similar characteristics_____________
hybridization
inbreeding
hybridization
inbreeding

12. Selective breeding (Hybridization)
Goal: Understand the Process of Selective Breeding
New Word: Select, choose, breeding, mating, crossing, reproducing, procreating
4. To produce large tomatoes that are resistant to cracking and splitting, some seed companies use the pollen from one variety of tomato plant to fertilize a different variety of tomato plant. This process is an example of _________________________________
5. White short-horned cattle and Black Angus cattle have been crossed to produce offspring with superior beef and rapid growth qualities. This process of choosing organisms with the most desirable traits for mating is known as _______________________
Selective breeding (Hybridization)
Selective breeding
(Hybridization)

13. Goal: Understand the Process of Selective Breeding
New Word: Select, choose, breeding, mating, crossing, reproducing, procreating
Name of the technique
Brief description of what is involved in the technique
One specific example of how this technique has been used
Inbreeding
Hybridization
The breeding of animals or plants that have similar characteristics
Crossing dissimilar organisms to combine the best of both
Mule, a cross of female horse and a male donkey
Breeding of dogs or horses

14. Name of the technique Inbreeding Hybridization
Goal: Understand the Process of Selective Breeding
New Word: Select, choose, breeding, mating, crossing, reproducing, procreating
Name of the technique
Inbreeding
Hybridization
What are the benefits?
What are the concern?
To obtain a new organism with the best of both parents
To preserve traits that make each breed unique
Lack of variation: Most of the members of a breed are genetically similar
Diseases spread easily in the cloned population
Offspring may suffer from a number of genetic defects and diseases: blindness, joint deformities,…
Offspring may not retain unique features (those features breeders are interested in)

15. How humans have benefit from these technique
Goal: Understand the Process of Selective Breeding
New Word: Select, choose, breeding, mating, crossing, reproducing, procreating
For many years, humans have used a variety of techniques that have influenced the genetic makeup of organisms. These techniques have led to the production of new varieties of organisms that possess characteristics that are useful to humans.
Identify one technique presently being used to alter the genetic makeup of an organism, and explain how humans can benefit from this change.
Your answer must include at least:
(1) the name of the technique used to alter the genetic makeup
(2) a brief description of what is involved in this technique
(3) one specific example of how this technique has been used
(4) a statement of how humans have benefited from the production of this new variety of organism
Technique
Description
Example
How humans have benefit from these technique
Inbreeding
Reproduction of individuals with similar traits
Breeding Dogs or horses
To obtain a desired line of organisms
Hybridization
Crossing dissimilar organisms to combine the best of both
Cross disease resistance of one plant with the food-producing capacity of another.
To obtain plants and animals farmers need to increase food production