2. Director... Orson Welles Writer... Herman J. Mankiewicz Cinematographer... Gregg Toland Editor... Robert Wise

3. ORSON WELLES 1915-1985 Mad Genius of Theatre and Film Born in Wisconsin Little to no formal education Left America at 17 and acted on the Irish and English Stage Self educated and self-taught Stage Magician as well as actor Director, Actor, Writer, Designer

4. Quotes from Orson about Art and Creating “A film is never really good unless the camera is an eye in the head of a poet.” “Create your own visual style... let it be unique for yourself and yet identifiable for others.” “The enemy of art is the absence of limitations.”

5. THE WAR OF THE WORLDS First broadcast on Halloween in 1938. Caused widespread panic across the nation. People actually thought the broadcast was real and that Martians were attacking America. Welles treated the program like a news program- constantly interrupting “regular scheduled programming” to give “live remote news reports”.

6. CITIZEN KANE -1941 Directed and co-written by Orson Welles who also acted as “Charles Foster Kane” Welles controlled EVERY creative aspect of the film Film gave rise to the theory of “Auteurism” the theory that the DIRECTOR is the ultimate creative force or author behind a film. Revolutionized how films are made and how stories are told.

7. A few key points to KANE’S narrative structure Film does follow linear time. Much of the film is told through flashbacks. Film also uses a Multi-Genre approach to telling the story: Fake newsreels, interviews, newspaper headlines as well as staged scenes Film operates as a mystery – a puzzle (literally and figuratively) – as it is told from a variety of points of view (several people putting together a picture of one man’s life.)

8. A few visual elements to look for Shots and editing The stark and heavy contrast of black and white. The use of shadows (mysteries) and light (illumination?) Back lighting Deep focus (all levels in focus) Careful composition Symbolism (puzzles, pieces, roses, etc.) The multi-reflecting mirror (many points of view) a Welles hallmark- repeats it in other films

9. Just a few narrative innovations Multiple Montages Temporal (narrative time) flexibility Multiple Flashbacks (frequent flashbacks within flashbacks.

10. Cinematographer – Greg Toland 1904-1948 Brilliant visual composer Specialized in black and white photography Largely responsible for executing Welles’ vision Other Films: WUTHERING HEIGHTS (1939) THE GRAPES OF WRATH (1940) Many others