1. The Protists Today’s Focus – Animal-Like
By Evil Evil Evil Mr. Bleecker
You Know, the Guy who Marks all your work 

2. Protists – Unicellular Eukaryotes

3. Protists Plant-like Animal-like Fungi-like Resemble other Kingdoms
Belong to None of them
E.g.. A plant cell with no cell wall that swims around photosynthesizing and eating it’s neighbors – whazzup wit dat?!

4. Animal-Like Protists Classification Scheme
Ciliophora – ciliated
Zoomastigina – flagellated
Sporozoa – spore formers that cannot move
Sarcodina – ameba-like protists

5. Ciliophora – eg. Paramecium
Solitary or colonial
Uses ciliary beating motion to move around
Cilia also used to help feed

6. Ciliophora Cell Parts Cell Membrane Pellicle – folds of membrane
Gullet – food is swept into this by cilia
Anal Pore
Micro/Macronucleus
Trichocysts – harpoons for attacking prey
Vacuoles 1. Food
2. Water Vacuoles
3. Waste – goes out pore

7. Reproduction Binary Fission
Sexual reproduction by meiosis and gamete production also occurs

9. Zoomastigina Ecology: Ponds, Lakes Motion: Flagella
Nutrition: Absorb food through membrane
Reproduction:
Asexually by Binary Fission
Sexually by gamete production (Meiosis)
Diseases: Parasitic – eg. Giardia (Beaver Fever)
African Sleeping Sickness – Trympanosoma

10. Trypanosoma – a Sporozoan Parasite that Causes Sleeping Sickness – Invading Red Blood Cells

13. Flagellar Advancements are Amazing
Tubulin Protein units
9+2 Arrangement
Not seen in bacteria in this level of complexity with protein units
Swimming “beat” vs. the “corkscrew motion” of prokaryotic flagella

14. Here’s How Cilia and Flagella work – Sweeping Motions

15. Sporozoa = Spore Forming Protists
Ecology: Parasites found living on birds, worms, insects, fish, humans
Motion: None
Nutrition: Parasitic – Actively absorb food through membrane
Reproduction:
Asexually by Binary Fission
Sexually by gamete production (Meiosis)
Diseases: Plasmodium vivax causes Malaria

16. Anopholes Mosquito has P. Vivax living in its gut lining

18. Sarcodina = “Jelly” Ecology: Streams, Lakes
Motion: Cytoplasmic streaming by Pseudopods
Nutrition: Heterotrophic/Parasitic – Actively absorb food through membrane
Reproduction:
Sexually by gamete production (Meiosis)
Diseases: Amebic Dysentery
Notables: Some Sarcodines have a crystal casing 

19. An Amoeba – so Cute 

20. Why we Never Drink in the Lab 
What the?! Hey! This is lemonade! Where’s my vial of Amebic Dysentery!?

23. The Sarcodines are Responsible for Crystal Deposits in Ocean Sand
SiO2 – silicon dioxide shells. Pretty and used extensively in cosmetics.
CaCO3 – calcium carbonate shells, from foraminerferans, that form a large component of the White Cliffs of Dover in England 

25. The Protists Day Two – Plant-Like
By Evil Evil Evil Mr. Bleecker
You Know, the Guy who Marks all your work 

26. Now that you are a protozoan pro, do you remember the next group of protists – those that make their own food?
Plant-like protists

27. The Plant-Like Protists
The main phyla of these plant-like protists you’ll examine are:
Euglenaphyta (Euglena)
Pyrrophyta (Dinoflagellates)
Chrysophyta (Diatoms or Golden Algae)
Slime Molds (Fungus-like)
Let’s take a look…

28. Euglena
The euglena performs photosynthesis like a plant, but has a flagellum and moves around like a protozoan – cool!

29. Euglenophyta – Flagellated Protists Euglena

30. Dinoflagellates
have 2 flagella that make them spin; some can secrete dangerous toxins – one example is the red tides caused by Pfiesteria, which lead to fish kills

31. Red Tide caused by the Dinoflagellate - Gymnodinium breve

32. Chrysophyta – the Diatoms
This phylum of algae is noted for its symmetry and beautiful glass shells
Called phylum chrysophata after their beautiful “crystalline” shells

33. The Slime molds
Slime molds obtain food through decomposition of organic material
This is a slime mold --commonly found on grass. It’s called the dog vomit slime mold – eewww, gross!

34. Endosymbiotic Theory
The theory that critters took up permanent residence in cells, forming a symbiosis
Ex. Chloroplasts & Mitochondria
But the list is actually larger (potentially)

35. Matching: match each protozoan with it’s mode of locomotion
Cilia (ciliaphora)
Flagella (mastigophora)
Pseudopod (sarcodina)
Click to see the correct answers
What protozoan doesn’t move? Click again to see answer…
Sporozoa

36. No, but you can start 18.3 #1 to 4 Bring your lab books tomorrow!!