1. Instructional Support & RTI Owen J. Roberts Middle School February 2007

2. “The quality of a school as a learning community can be measured by how effectively it addresses the needs of struggling students.” --Wright (2005) Source: Wright, J. (2005, Summer). Five interventions that work. NAESP Leadership Compass, 2(4) pp.1,6. Discussion: Read the quote below: Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Why?

3. Question for Discussion Case scenario: Johnny is a student in one of your classes this year. You have noticed he has been struggling academically the entire year. He is frequently absent, rarely completes his homework and does not perform well on his assessments. You decide it’s time to pursue a course of action. What options do you have to address your specific concerns about Johnny?

4. IST….Its beginnings During the 1980’s and 1990’s, the Federal Government recognized an ever growing number of students being referred to and placed in special education support services. IDEA was rewritten in the early 1990’s and mandated all districts offer some sort of pre-referral process to address the needs of potentially “at-risk” students. Thus, the Instructional Support program was developed. Here at the Middle School, we utilize the IST Process for grades 6 and 7. Grades 8 uses a similar approach to IST: Child Study – managed by the Guidance Dept.

5. Reasons to seek IST Assistance Academic difficulty Behavioral issues Attendance issues Speech delays/articulation errors Emotional concerns/instability OT/Handwriting concerns An inability to maintain attention/focus

6. The Process….. REQUEST FOR ASSISTANCE Requesting Staff member meets with the Instructional Support Teacher To discuss child and to identify specific areas of concern DATA COLLECTION Curriculum-Based Assessment, Observation, Interviews, Records Review PARENT CONTACT Instructional Support Team Teacher or Principal notifies parents of referral to Instructional Support Team, Time/date of the meeting and encourages them to participate. Parent interview takes place GOAL SETTING Information from data collection is shared and summarized. Specific goals are formed to help the child meet success INTERVENTION PLANNING MEETING Brainstorming of interventions Selection of interventions Designing of implementation and evaluation procedures IMPLEMENTATION Implementation of intervention strategies Monitoring PROGRESS REVIEW Is the plan effective? Degree of need determined

7. A Move toward RTi The support model we currently use “allows” the student to fail before interventions begin. Response to Intervention (RTi) encourages interventions to occur prior to failure.

8. RtI- The BIG Ideas A 3-Tiered system of service delivery that integrates general, remedial and special education Data Driven: Matching intervention needs and necessary resources at the school- wide, grade and individual student levelData Driven: Matching intervention needs and necessary resources at the school- wide, grade and individual student level Uses instruction or intervention that has been demonstrated through scientific research and practice to produce high learning rates

9. What is ‘Response to Intervention’ (RTI)? Response to Intervention' is an emerging approach to the diagnosis of Learning Disabilities that holds considerable promise. In the RTI model: A student with academic delays is given one or more research- validated interventions. The student's academic progress is monitored frequently to see if those interventions are sufficient to help the student to catch up with his or her peers. If the student fails to show significantly improved academic skills despite several well-designed and implemented interventions, this failure to 'respond to intervention' can be viewed as evidence of an underlying Learning Disability.

10. Why is RTI now being adopted by schools? Congress passed the revised Individuals With Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEIA) in 2004. This Federal legislation provides the guidelines that schools must follow when identifying children for special education services. Based on the changes in IDEIA 2004, the US Department of Education (USDE) updated its regulations to state education departments. The new USDE regulations: –Explicitly ALLOWS states to use RTI to identify LD –FORBIDS states from forcing schools to use a ‘discrepancy model’ to identify LD

11. School-wide RTI Model Intensive Targeted Universal 5% of grade-level population 15% of grade-level population 80% of grade-level population Tier I Tier II Tier III

12. Intensive Targeted Universal RTi: Delivery of instruction Learning Support Supplemental Instruction (i.e reading specialist, grade-level math) General Education Tier I Tier II Tier III

13. Tier 1: Benchmark/Schoolwide Definition: Definition: Students who are making expected progress in the general education curriculum and who demonstrate social competence Benchmark also describes those school-wide interventions that are available to all students Effective instruction Clear expectations Effective student support Periodic benchmark assessments Universal prevention

14. Tier 1: Examples of Effective, S-R-B Teaching Strategies -from Robert Marzano’s Tier 1: Examples of Effective, S-R-B Teaching Strategies -from Robert Marzano’s “Classroom Instruction That Works”

15. Category Average Effect Size Percentile Gain Number of Studies Identifying Similarities & Differences 1.614531 Summarizing & Note Taking1.0034179 Reinforcing Effort & Providing Recognition.802921 Homework & Practice.7728134 Nonlinguistic Representation.7527246 Cooperative Learning.7327122 Setting Objectives & Providing Feedback.6123408 Generating & Testing Hypotheses.612363 Cues, Questions, & Advance Organizers.59221251 Classroom Instruction that Works, Marzano, Pikering, Pollock,2001

16. Tier 2: Strategic/Targeted Definition Definition : Academic and behavioral strategies, methodologies and practices designed for students not making expected progress in the general education curriculum and/or have mild to moderate difficulties demonstrating social competence. These students are at risk for academic failure.

17. Increased opportunity to learn Increased instructional time Increased assessment Data collection and analysis once per month minimum, preferably 2x/month, depending on goal Data-based decision-making Tier 2: Strategic Interventions

18. Results of Tier 2 Interventions Grade Level Data Analysis Team Meets Cycle responders back to tier 1 Identify non-responders for tier 3, Problem Solving Team

19. Tier 3: Intensive Interventions DefinitionDefinition : Academic and behavioral strategies, methodologies and practices designed for students significantly lagging behind established grade-level benchmarks in the general education curriculum or who demonstrate significant difficulties with behavioral and social competence.

20. Tier 3: Intensive Interventions Use of standard protocols Supplemental instructional materials Small intensive groups Can be outside the general ed. classroom Tutoring by remedial educators 10-20 week interventions

21. Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring Tier 2 – Targeted (15%)Monthly Progress Monitoring Tier 1– Universal (80%)Universal Screening RTI Progress Monitoring Language Arts Mathematics MAZE Computation (6) Dibles (6) MAZE (7&8)ForesightPSSA Language Arts MAZE Mathematics Computation (6) MAZE (7&8) Aims Web Per Individual IEP/Plans Tier 3 – Intensive (5%)Weekly Progress Monitoring OJR Middle School’s Package of Assessments for both Universal Screenings and Progress Monitoring.

22. Intensive Targeted Universal Tier I Tier II Tier III IST Where IST fits into RTi -

23. Thanks to.. Patty Geischen, CCIU, Accommodations for Learning Technical Assistance Jim Wright www.interventioncentral.org