1. AP World History: The Rise of Islam

2. The Origins of Islam Origins of Islam can be traced back to 7 th century Arabia The Prophet Muhammad introduced Islam in 610 C.E. after he experienced “angelic visitations.” Revelations which followers believe “Allah” transmitted to him through the angel Gabriel.

4. Qur’an These revelations were written in Arabic and collected in the Qur’an (Koran). Qur’an according to Islam, is the holy book and the prefect words of Allah. Qur’an dictated by Muhammad, but did not originate with Muhammad- instead was given by God to the angel Gabriel, then to Muhammad  114 Chapters (chapter = Surah) The teachings of the Qur’an formed the basis of the new religion that Muhammad began to preach to his clan and the people of Mecca.

5. Initially Accepted? Only in small circles. Umayyad notables (clan of Quraysh Bedouin tribe who founded Mecca) start to notice the spread of Islam. Do not like the growing religion because it threatens to undermine the gods of the Ka’Ba Why does this matter so much? The Shrines of Ka’Ba have established Mecca as the wealthy city of commerce between the Bedouin tribes.

6. Muhammad flees… Pressure put on by the Umayyad causes Muhammad to flee Mecca to Medina. Muhammad’s presence in Medina and spread of the Islamic faith strengthens Medina and worries Umayyad in Mecca Treaty with Umayyad/Quraysh in 628 CE, that allows Muhammad to return to Mecca where he gradually wins over the inhabitants of Mecca to Islam.

7. Appeal of Islam to People of Arabia Gave them a form of monotheism that belonged to no single tribe and transcended clan and class divisions. Provided an ethical system that healed many of the deep social rifts between the clans of Arabian society Promoted a moral code and obligation for the wealthy and strong to protect and aid the poor and weak. Was translated into a body of Islamic law that held followers accountable for their lives on earth and determined their fate in eternity.

8. The framework for Muslim life. Essential practices 1.Shahadah/declaration of faith: "There is no deity but God, and Muhammad is the messenger of God." 2.Salat/Prayer: Five obligatory prayers each day. A direct link between the worshiper and God. No hierarchical authority or priesthood. 3.Zakat/giving: Obligatory charitable giving. Wealth belong to God and it is held in trust by humans. Zakat, or, "purification" by setting aside a portion (2.5%) for the needy. 4.Sawm/Fasting: From sunrise to sunset during the holy month of Ramadan. 5.Hajj/Pilgrimage: A pilgrimage (Hajj) to Mecca, Arabia to worship Allah at the Ka’Ba. The 'Five Pillars' of Islam

11. Islam by the death of Mohammed 632

12. 732, 100 Yrs after Mohammed