1. China, Russia, Ireland, Spain

2. Birth of Republic of China
Qing (Ching) Dynasty – last of 2000 years of dynastic imperial China, Manchurians ruling over Hans
Empress Dowager CiXi
Emperor Pu Yi, the Last Emperor, Forbidden Ciy
Wuchang Uprising – General Yuan Shi Kai
Dr. Sun Yat-Sen – 1st president
Xinhai Revolution 1911
Republic of China – lost to Mao and communists, moved to Taiwan in 1949

3. The October Revolution 1917
Rasputin
March 1917 – Tsar Nicholas II abdicates
The provisional govt and Kerensky, soviets
Royal family moved to house arrest
Constituent assembly planned for November
Bolsheviks vs. Menschiviks
Vladimir Lenin
September 1917 – Bolsheviks gain majority in soviets in Moscow and Petrograd
October 10
October 23 – newspapers closed
October 24 – Bolshevik army takes city
October 25 – Kerensky flees,
October 26 – Lenin’s decrees on peace and land
The Cheka

4. The Russian Civil War
Treaty of Brest-Livotsk March 1918 (Finland)
Nicholas II, Tsarina Alexandra, Alexei, Olga, Tatiana, Anastasia
Hemophilia
April The Royal Family moved to Yekaterinburg
White Army versus Red Army
White Russians gaining ground
July 16 – family and servants executed
Civil War over by 1920
Polish-Soviet War – Treaty of Riga

5. After Treaty of Riga

7. Irish Independence
Background – Elizabeth I, Oliver Cromwell, Potato Famine, ruling Protestant minority
Irish nationalist Sir Roger Casement and the Germans
The 1916 Easter Rising
Eamon de Valera
Sinn Fein 1905
1918 Conscription Crisis

8. Irish War of Independence, 1919-1921 Irish Civil War 1922-23
Irish Republican Army vs. British Army
1919 Versailles – Sinn Fein attended, ignored
Home Rule versus independence
January 1919 – guerrilla warfare begins in Tipperary and Cork
Michael Collins
Act of 1920 – two parliaments, six counties became Northern Ireland
July 11, 1921 – Collins signs Anglo-Irish Treaty with UK, accepted partition
Irish Free State – de Valera first PM
Irish Civil War
August 1922 – Collins ambushed by anti-treaty Irish

9. Spanish Civil War,
Republicans (incumbent) v. Nationalists (Franco)
1931 – King Alfonso XIII authorized elections
Monarchy abolished, 2nd Republic formed, Catalonia, Basque autonomous
1933 – conservatives regain govt control
1936 – Popular Front regains leftist control, Franco sent to Canary Islands

10. The Civil War
July 17, Franco joined units in Spanish Morocco, garrison uprisings all over Spain
Franco and army ferry across Strait of Gibraltar
November – siege of Madrid
1937 Falange – fascist party behind Franco
The Republicans increasingly communist – aided by Soviets
Germany and Italy aid Franco
Jan – Barcelona falls
March – Madrid falls
1 million lives lost
Franco is dictator until 1975

11. Guernica by Picasso April 26, 1937

14. Movies and Books Michael Collins - Ireland
In the Name of the Father - Ireland
The Boxer - Ireland
Bloody Sunday - Ireland
For Whom the Bell Tolls - Spain