1. Semester I Biology Final Review

2. Which of the following results from quantitative analysis of the figure below?
a. The babies are cold. 
b. There are 8 babies. 
c. These are the first babies this rabbit has had. 
d. There isn’t enough food.

3. Living things are considered organisms if they possess which of the following characteristics? 
a. Lack of orderly structure 
b. Incapability of adjusting to environmental changes 
c. Ability to grow and develop 
d. Inability to produce offspring

4. Substances such as lemon and tomato, with a pH __________, are considered acidic. 
a. above 7 
b. equal to 14 
c. equal to 0 
d. below 7

5. Which of the following statements is true of a theory?
a. A theory is considered true and never changes.
b. A theory makes predictions about unknown phenomena and is widely accepted by scientists.
c. A theory is the same thing as a hypothesis.
d. A theory is the usual outcome of an experiment

6. 9 F
Fluorine
19.998
What is the atomic number of Fluorine?
a. 9
b. 20
c. 10 d

7. The atomic mass of Fluorine is the total number of
a. protons
b. electrons
c. protons and electrons
d. protons and neutrons

8. All organic compounds contain which element?
a. carbon
b. nitrogen
c. phosphorus
d. sulfur

9. Proteins are synthesized (formed) from less complex organic compounds known as
a. carbons
b. amino acids
c. enzymes
d. starches

10. __________ results when a multiple substances are combined, with each substance keeping its individual properties.
 a.  A solution
 b.  A mixture 
c.  An ion 
d.  An atom

11. Benedict’s solution is an indicator for which type of organic compound?
a. monosaccharides
b. nucleic acids
c. disaccharides
d. proteins

12. Which process would include a net movement of sugar molecules through a membrane froma region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration?
a. osmosis
b. active transport
c. cyclosis
d. passive transport

13. Which process requires the expenditure of cellular energy?
a. active transport
b. passive transport
c. osmosis
d. diffusion

14. The cell cycle includes these phases (IN ORDER)
a. prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
b. interphase, prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase
c. interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase.
d. prophase, telophase, metaphase, anaphase

15. Cancer is a disease characterized by the
a. uncontrolled division of abnormal cells
b. unlimited production of abnormal gametes
c. uncontrolled replication and synopsis of chromosomes
d. limited production of normal zygotes

16. Which of the cells depicted in the line graph in Figure 8-8 are most likely cancerous?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D

17. During telophase the cytoplasm splits in two
During telophase the cytoplasm splits in two. What is the name for this process?
a. amniocentesis
b. karyotyping
c. translocation
d. cytokinesis

18. Circle the figure that represents a cell in an isotonic solution?

19. 90% of a cell’s life is spent in this phase.
a. prophase
b. metaphase
c. anaphase
d. telophase
e. interphase

20. What types of cells reproduce by way of mitosis?
a. bacterial cells
b. eukaryotic cells only
c. prokaryotic cells only
d. somatic cells

21. Which word equation represents the process of photosynthesis?
a. glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
b. maltose + water → glucose + glucose
c. glucose → alcohol + carbon dioxide
d. carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen

22. In what organelle does photosynthesis take place?
a. mitochondria
b. chlorophyll
c. chloroplast
d. nucleus

23. What is the name of the green pigment found in plants that captures light energy?
a. mitochondria
b. chlorophyll
c. chloroplast
d. nucleus

24. In order for the Calvin cycle to produce glucose, this form of energy is used.
a. ATP
b. ADP
c. CMA
d. CTA

25. Cellular respiration occurs in this organelle in plants and animals.
a. chloroplast
b. nucleus
c. mitochondria
d. chlorophyll

26. Which is the equation for cellular respiration?
a. 6H2O + 6CO2 → C6H12O6 + 6O2
b. 6CO2 + C6H12O6 → 6H2O + 6O2
c. C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6H2O + 6CO2 + ATP
d. None of the above.

27. Vigorous activity of human voluntary muscle tissues may result in the production of lactic acid. Insufficient amounts of which gas would result in the buildup of lactic acid in the muscle cells?
a. oxygen
b. carbon dioxide
c. nitrogen
d. hydrogen

28. This stage of cellular respiration occurs whether there is oxygen present in our cells or not!
a. electron transport chain
b. Citric acid cycle
c. glycolysis
d. fermentation

29. Which phrase best describes cellular respiration, a process that occurs continuously in the cells
of organisms?
a. removal of oxygen from the cells of an organism
b. changing of stored chemical energy in food molecules to a form usable by organisms
c. conversion of light energy into the chemical bond energy of organic molecules
d. transport of materials within cells and throughout the bodies of multicellular organisms.

30. The energy found in ATP molecules made in animal cells comes directly from
a. inorganic molecules
b. minerals
c. sunlight
d. organic molecules

31. _____1. Central Vacuole a. produce proteins
_____2. Mitochondria b. makes ATP; main energy source for cell
_____3. Cell Wall c. makes carbohydrates; supply energy for plant cells
_____4. Ribosomes d. supports & protects cell; composed of cellulose
_____5. Chloroplast e. houses DNA; command center of cell
_____6. Nucleus b. semipermeable membrane surrounding animal cell
_____7. Cell Membrane ac. stores water & nutrients in plant cells