3. Matter 3 Phases K.E. of Matter Element ClassificationPeriodic Table Atom StructureAtomic no.

4. There are three states of matter : solid, liquid and gases Solid e.g. ice Solid e.g. ice Gas e.g. vapour Gas e.g. vapour Liquid e.g. water Liquid e.g. water

5. Solid Characteristics: 1. Tightly packed 2. Incompressible 3. Low kinetic energy Back

6. Liquid Characteristics : 1. Fairly packed 2. Difficult to compress 3. Higher kinetic energy than solid Back

7. Gas Characteristics: 1. Widely separated 2. Easy to compress 3. Higher kinetic energy than liquid Back

8. It can be explain by Kinetic theory of matter - All matter is composed of very small particles with spaces between them - particles are in constant motion and so have kinetic energy - increase in temperature causes increase n kinetic energy of particles

9. Summary Solid Liquid Gas Separation between Compressibility K.E. of particle particle

10. An element is a pure substance which cannot be broken down into anything simpler by chemical changes. Let try this question!!!!!! Which of the followings is element? (A) Phosphorous(B) Glucose (C) Glass (D) Salt

11. Sorry !!!!! You have got the wrong answer Back to question

12. The answer is (A) Phosphorus You are correct!!!!! Then, you can proceed to next slide.

13. Periodic Table Classify into MetalSemi-metalNon-metal E.g. Potassium Group I to group II and transition metal E.g. oxygen Group IV to Group O E.g. silicon, boron

14. Periodic Table Group Period

15. Periodic Table Group Name Group I : alkali metal Group II : Alkaline earth metal Group VII : Halogen Group 0 : Noble gas Between Group II and Group III : transitional metal

16. An atom is the smallest part of an element which can ever exist Proton Electron Neutron

17. Sub-atomic particle Sub-atomic particle Relative Mass Electron charge Position within atom Proton Neutron Electron 1 1 1/1837 1+ 0 1- Inside nucleus Space out of nucleus

18. X Z A - Chemical Symbol (X) - Atomic No. (A) - Mass Number (Z) Chemical symbol is a symbol for elements. Atomic No. of an atom is the number of protons in the atom. Mass number of an atom is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the atom.

19. E.g. Chlorine Chemical Symbol : Cl Atomic No. = No. of proton = 17 Mass No. = No. of proton + No. of neutron= 17 + 18 = 35 35 Cl 17

20. Electron Arrangement/ Electronic configuration It is distribution of electrons in the various shells. Electrons are arranged into shells. E.g. Sodium 2, 8, 1 No. of electron in 1st 2nd 3rd Shell Shell Shell

21. After studied this topics, some exercises are done. Please go to the following URL and download the exercise for revision 1. http://www.rayslearning.com/atoms.htm Download atoms, symbols and equations v2.3 from the 2 URL 2. http://yls.hkcampus.net/~yls-lkh/chemistry/atoms/atommc.htm