1. Lesson 8Supporting Paragraphs Today’s class - a. group work - supporting paragraphs reading b. supporting paragraphs explanation c. group work - arranging a paragraph Homework write conclusion

2. Group Work Exchange essays. Add simple edit marks. Read each essay. Give your impression. KEY ! = good structure, easy to understand ? = not clear, not easy to understand * = interesting information/idea/opinion

3. Supporting Paragraphs A supporting paragraph supports the topic introduced in the introduction. How does it do this? What does a supporting paragraph do? 1. explaining more about the topic 2. giving examples 3. expanding on the topic 4. support with facts or figures

4. ‘School Uniforms’ What is the topic? What type of essay is this? How do you think the essay will be organized? discussion school uniforms 4 paragraphs introduction pro paragraph con paragraph conclusion

5. ‘School Uniforms’ Is the 2nd paragraph pro or con? What are the reasons? What is the conclusion? superior function pro positive for Japanese high schools express personality students happier

6. ‘School Uniforms’ We have two major reasons to support the argument for the abolition of school uniforms, function and individuality. First, plain clothes are superior in function to school uniforms; therefore, plain clothes are more suitable for school life. It is possible for students to react to various conditions such as weather, temperature and humidity by wearing plain clothes; in addition, plain clothes can be washed easily at home every day, so students can maintain sanitary conditions. Second, because wearing clothes is one of the best ways to express our personality, students can express themselves freely by wearing what they like. A school is one society for students, so education where all of the students must wear the same clothes should be abolished and we should put emphasis on each student’s personality. Wearing clothes shows students that each person has their own idea, hobby and way to express himself. Moreover, students will grow into stable members of society who are confident telling their ideas to other people. Proponents of the abolition of school uniforms believe it would be a positive thing for Japanese high schools and would enable students to live their school lives more happily. topic sentence conclusiondetail 12 21

7. in-class task In groups of 3 arrange the following sentences into the con paragraph. Rewrite the paragraph on page 36. Discuss how it is organized. Check with other groups

8. in-class task The opponents of abolition of school uniforms have four major reasons. First, wearing school uniforms saves money for students and their home. School uniforms can be worn for three years, so students don’t have to prepare different clothes every day; also, it is seldom necessary to buy school uniforms twice. Considering they last three years, school uniforms are very economical. A further important reason is it is important for students to improve themselves on the inside. Students should direct their attention to the inside of themselves and other people more than their appearance. Wearing school uniforms enable students to concentrate on studying. A third problem is wasting time: if students are allowed to wear plain clothes, they take longer to decide what to wear. Especially, girls will spend a lot of time talking about what to wear and who is wearing what. It is foolish for students, who should be studying, to spend time thinking about what clothes they are going to wear. A school is not a place to learn fashion or show our sense of clothes. Finally, wearing school uniforms makes the standards of clothes check clearer. If students wear what they like, it is quite hard to regulate their clothes. When teachers check students in their clothes, school uniforms allow teachers to check them quickly and smoothly. Plain clothes may force teachers to interfere with students and their choice of clothes. In conclusion, opponents of the abolition of school uniforms believe that uniforms are not only economical, but also help students to concentrate on their studies and on themselves. reason 1 reason 2 reason 3 reason 4 details summary conculusion

9. homework Rewrite your supporting paragraphs. Write your conclusion. How many black dots can you see?