1. NUCLEIC ACID ? → ? → ? → ? → ? → RIBOSOME NUCLEIC ACID RIBOSOME → DNA RNA NUCLEOTIDES AMINO ACIDS → → → → → PROTEINS

2. NUCLEIC ACID ? → ? → ? → ? → ? → RIBOSOME NUCLEIC ACID are macromolecules that contain a phosphate group, base and sugar. An example is DNA. RIBOSOMES are organelles of a cell that assist in PROTEIN synthesis. → DNA is a NUCLEIC ACID that is made up of NUCLEOTIDES. RNA is a NUCLEOTIDE. mRNA is used to translate DNA into AMINO ACIDS. NUCLEOTIDES are the building blocks of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA. AMINO ACIDS are based on the mRNA sequence and are used to make PROTEINS. → → → → → PROTEINS are made of AMINO ACIDS. Protein synthesis occurs on RIBOSOMES.

3. CASPARIAN STRIP ? → ? → ? → ? → ? → CHITIN http://www.bio.miami.edu/dana/pix/casparian.jpg http://www.ceoe.udel.edu/horseshoecrab/research/images/Chitin_molecule2_flat.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/3D_model_hydrogen_bonds_in_water.svg/250px-3D_model_hydrogen_bonds_in_water.svg.png http://proteins-structure.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/protein-secondary-structure-5.jpg http://cheng.matse.illinois.edu/publication-pdf/2011-Hua%20Lu%20Macromolecule%20Cover%20art.jpg http://img.tfd.com/mgh/ceb/thumb/Structural-formula-for-x3b1-D-glucose.jpg http://www.biology-books.com/Standard/ch2/3a.jpg CASPARIAN STRIP Suberized layer of cells found in plants that forces WATER into the xylem CHITIN Structural polysaccharide made with amino sugars found in fungi cell walls and the exoskeletons of arthropods → WATER Molecules are held together by HYDROGEN BONDS PROTEINS are one of the the 4 major MACRO- MOLECULES HYDROGEN BONDS also hold 2° & 3° structures in PROTEINS together MACRO- MOLECULES like polysaccharides are made of smaller subunits like GLUCOSE → → → → → Β-GLUCOSE with animo groups attached are the subunits used to make CHITIN