1. Coordinator: Associated Proffesor Marginean Cristina Oana Author : Grama Alexandra Bianca FAVORABLE FACTORS OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN INFANTS AND YOUNG CHILDREN

2. 1. Introduction 2. Purpose 3. Material and Method 4. Conclusions

3. 1.Introduction Anemia resulting from lack of sufficient iron for synthesis of hemoglobin is the most common hematologic disease of infancy and childhood.

4. 1.Introduction Prevalence varies with age, gender, race, dietary intake and socioeconomic factors 30% of the global population suffer from iron deficiency anemia According to WHO (World Health Organization) Romania is part of the group of countries with an average frequency of this type of anemia, 20 to 39.9% of preschoolers and 41.3% ( 2010 statistics) of pregnant women being diagnosed with it

5. 1.Introduction Prevalence of anemia in infants and young children ( birth to 5 years of age ) Global regionPrevalence (%) Africa64,6 Asia47,7 Europe16,7 Latin America39,5 North America3.4 Oceania28 Data adapted from Mc Learn et.al 2009

6. 2.Purpose anemia during pregnancy perinatal blood loss prematurity low birthhweight incorrect diversification high cow milk intake cow’s milk consumption prior to 12 months of age chronic or acute blood loss chronic infection or inflammation flour consumption in the present study we aimed to evaluate the favoring factors of iron deficiency anemia in infants and young children.

7. 3. Material and Method a prospective study 42 children Pediatrics Clinic 1 Targu Mures between November 2014 and March 2015 questionnaire

8. 3. Material and Method

9. Total- 42 children Group 1 (case) 16 children with IDA (IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA) Group 1- 16 children with IDA (IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA) Group 2 -26 children non –IDA( with various pathologies) Statistic method Medcalc Software: Mann Withney test, Chi-square test, Student test Microsoft Excell: Data base 3. Material and Method Total-42 children

10. Inclusion criteria Hb ↓ (age dependent : infants Hb <11 g/dl, young children Hb <11,5) MCV <80 μ 3 MCH <25 pg iron ↓ (age dependent < 5,4 mmol/l) peripheral blood smear - RBC’S –microcytic, hypochromic, poikilocytosis other − hypochromic, microcytic anemias − anemias serum iron normal ! children with various pathologies Exclusion criteria 3. Material and Method

11. RESULTS

13. Chi sqaure have shown that infant anemia is correlated positively with maternal anemia during pregnancy p-0,04

14. P-0,01

15. -anemia is more common in infants who consume large amounts of cow milk >500ml,p-0,02

16. -statistically we did not find significant correlation between incorrect diversification and anemia in infants p-0,94

17. -does not influence significantly the appearance of iron deficiency anemia in infants p-0,32

18. P-0.01

19. 4.Conclusions Anemia during pregnancy favors the development of iron deficiency anemia in infants and young children A diet with high intake of cow milk favors the appearance of iron deficiency anemia Cow’s milk consumption prior to 12 months of age favors the development of iron deficiency anemia.

20. 4.Conclusions Incorrect diversification and flour consumption were negatively associated with iron deficiency anemia in infants and young children. Iron fortification of food can prevent iron deficiency anemia.

21. 1)Nelson Textbook of PEDIATRICS 19th Edition Robert M.Kliegman,MD,Bonita F.Stanton,MD,Nina F.Schoor MD,PhD,Joseph W.St Geme 3,Richard E.Behram,MD 2)Pediatric Hematology John Lilleyman,Jan Hann and Victor Blanchette 3)Iron Deficiency Anemia :A Common and Curable Disease-Mille JL 4)The scourge of ‘’hidden hanger ‘’global dimensions of micronutrient deficiencies G Kennedy,G.Nantel and P.Shetty 5)Esentialul in Pediatrie editia a 2-a Prof.Dr.Eugen Pascal Ciofu.Dr Carmen Ciofu BIBLIOGRAPHY

22. 6)Anemia :When is it Iron Deficiency? Annett Carley.MS,RN,NNP,PNP,Pediatr Nurs 2003 7)The impact of maternal iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia on child’s health Saudi Medical Journal Abu –Ouf NN,Jann MM 8) Iron Deficiency in Young Children in Low-Income Countries and New Approaches for Its Prevention ThE Journal OF Nutrition 2008 American Society for Nutrition