1. Mooring Sensor Network for Ocean Observatories: Continuous, Adaptive Profiling – Development Status Report – Bruce M. Howe, Timothy McGinnis, Jason Gobat Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington Roger Lukas, Univ Hawaii Emmanuel Boss, Univ Maine Ocean Sciences Honolulu 24 February 2006

3. Introduction A major effort and cost in the lifetime of an ocean observatory system will be in the sensor networks Here – the sensor network infrastructure part Terminology: –Backbone infrastructure provides primary junction boxes/nodes –Sensor networks = (sensors/instruments + sensor network infrastructure) A system integration problem – many components

4. Need for profiling moorings in ORION and ocean observatories Reduce temporal and spatial aliasing in vertical sampling of the ocean, e.g., at tide and internal wave frequencies and space scales Deliberately intensive sampling of fine vertical structure — Meddies/coherent eddies, biological thin layers, overflows, etc. Sampling of episodic or otherwise non- stationary flow Less expensive than many fixed instruments

5. Example: Fully loaded mooring (RFA Daly et al. 2005) Two platforms for remote sensing and point instruments Two profilers Tomography source and receiver Bottom instrument suite Called for in many ORION RFA proposals (e.g., Barth, Daly, Dever, Duda, Send, Worcester, …)

6. ALOHA-MARS Observatory Mooring Features –Enables adaptive sampling –Distributes power and communications capability throughout the water column –ROV servicing Major Components –Subsurface float at ~165 m depth with sensor suite and junction box –Mooring profiler with sensor suite that can “dock” for battery charging, continuous two-way communications –Electro-optical-mechanical mooring cable –Seafloor sensor suite and junction box Deployments –June 2006 on Seahurst Observatory in Puget Sound, 30 m depth –2007-2008 on MARS in Monterey Bay, 900 m depth

7. FLOAT ASSEMBLY Instrument Package ADCP Center Ti Post Secondary node

8. INSTRUMENT PACKAGE SIIM BB2F CTDO 2

9. SWIVEL Float Ti Post Oil Reservoir “D” Plate Mooring Cable Termination Primary Winding All Electrical EO Converter Electrical and Optical

10. MMP Secondary Winding Concentrated on Inductive power coupler –S&K Engineering –~3 mm gap –Efficiency ~65% –200 W transfer –50 kHz –MMP electronics includes 16 V battery charging

11. Seafloor Secondary Node Stainless steel electronics case (on- hand, full ocean depth) PC-104 controller 400-48V dc (Vicor) MOSFET and deadface switches, software controlled Ground fault detection a la MARS 8-port 100baseT Ethernet switch Two guest ports Removable ballast ROV-mateable connectors Electronics ROV “fork” slots Fiberglass grating

12. Deck Frame Float and Ti post locked during prep Rail system – moves float and mooring cable in and out Lays on fantail Bolts to 2-ft pattern Requires DP ship Mooring winch Trawl winch Load transfers Anchor first

14. Sensors Components BB2F RS-232-Ethernet CTDO 2 Acceleration, attitude ACM Video-cam ADCP 150 kHz Connectors

15. MARS Node HydroGeo Borehole Seismo Borehol e MOBB Proposed Aloha Site UTM: 574520E, 4061663N 36 41’ 51.742”N 122 9’ 56.775”W Schedule First test –Seahurst, Puget Sound –June 2006 MARS Location –Deploy summer 2007

16. Other possible users Jack Barth – upper ocean profiler Jeff Nystuen – ocean ambient sound Peter Worcester – vertical line array Ken Smith – bottom rover Tom Sanford, Doug Luther – HPIES John Horne – fisheries sonar Lee Freitag – acoustic modem/nav/comms

17. AMM animation - docking