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Published byPhillip Young Modified over 8 years ago
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United States History
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Expansion After the War of 1812 Goal was to obtain Florida US had the Louisiana Territory Monroe as President Spain was weak General Jackson – 1816 – troops crossed into Florida Chased hostile Seminole Indians
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1817 Jackson occupied East Florida Monroe cabinet was against the aggressive action Adams – told Spain that US acted in self defense Spain told to give East Florida to US to avoid further action
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Adam – Onis Treaty - 1819 Florida became part of USA Spain gave up its claim in the Pacific Coast – north of California Agreed to new boundaries – Texas
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Manifest Destiny Belief held that the lands in America from the Atlantic to the Pacific – belonged to the American people
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Indians Considered inferior Military pushed Indians west Many looked at Indians as vermin – in need of extermination Many Indians had taken up the white man's way of life – farmers and shop keepers People still wanted the lands owned by these Indians
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Federal government used deception to obtain some of these lands State governments claimed the right to seize these lands Set the stage for the removal of Indians from Georgia to Oklahoma Trail of Tears – forced removal of Indians to lands west of Mississippi
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Culture of the Frontier Self sufficient Men cut down trees and planted crops Women –cooking, caring for children, clothes, soap, butter and other items Neighbors depended on each other for help
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Transportation Revolution National Road – Cumberland Road Maryland to Virginia- 1818 Toll Road – crushed stone surface Lancaster Turnpike – Philadelphia – Pittsburgh – 1825–thousands of miles of turnpikes –North East Costs of tolls and repairs of heavy wagons still made making a profit difficult Travelers benefited
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Rivers were used for transportation 1815- flat boats used – 2,000 mile trip – Pittsburgh/Mississippi Wheat, Flour, Cotton, etc.
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Robert Fulton built – steam boat – Clermont / Fulton’s Folly – went 150 miles up the Hudson River –1807 1820 – 69 steamboats –western waters Great boom for farmers and merchants Shipping costs much lower Used also for transportation, riverboat gambling, luxury traveling
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Canals Erie Canal – 364 miles – connecting Hudson River / Great Lakes Lowered costs for transportation Made New York a center of trade
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Market Economy Wheat became a main crop in western states New England – Sheep raising Cotton “king” crop of the deep south Cotton profits made the south wealthy / northern states /factories benefited from this crop
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Practice Thesis Statement America was relatively slow to industrialize in the early 19 th century, but because of the early development of a market economy, there always seemed to be an abundance of goods flowing throughout the country. What factors contributed to this major economic development?
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Industrialization 1815 – most manufacturing was done in homes Putting out system Francis Lowell – built a textile factory in Massachusetts Other factories soon developed throughout New England Eli Whitney – Interchangeable parts Distilleries – corn whiskey – Kentucky and Ohio
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Monroe as President Followed Madison –3 rd in a row from Virginia Era of Good feelings Wanted to make friends with Latin America for the benefit of USA
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Supreme Court Chief Justice John Marshall Dominated the Court Author of most opinions Clarified role of Court Shaped how the Constitution was interpreted Felt role was to encourage economic development
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Dartmouth College v. Woodward Court asked to rule if legislature of New Hampshire had the right to convert Dartmouth from a private college to state university Court stated that original charter was binding – ruled against the state Charters granted from the state to a private corporation were protected by the Constitution
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McCulloch v. Maryland State of Maryland had taxed the Baltimore branch of the bank Tax unconstitutional Main issues were if Congress could establish a bank If state could regulate and tax the bank
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Said Constitution had no specific clause to allow the government to establish a bank This was a very strict interpretation Encouraged economic growth Also said if the state had the power to tax the bank – had the power to destroy it Government not dependent on states
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Gibbons v. Ogden Bolstered the power of Congress to regulate interstate commerce Stated that states could not interfere with the national government’s right to regulate commerce
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Monroe Doctrine 1821 Congress stated their support for the revolutions in Latin America America also did not want European powers to establish other colonies in Latin America Told European powers to stay away from the Western Hemisphere – America would control this sphere of influence No real power to enforce this
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