1. DOMAIN EUKARYA: KINGDOM PLANTAE AND KINGDOM ANIMALIA Class Notes 5:

2. I. Evolutionary Origins A. Land plants evolved from green algae (protists) B. Both are photosynthetic eukaryotes

3. II. Plant adaptations Plants require different adaptations than algae since they live on land. A. Pollen and seeds for reproduction B. Cuticles hold in moisture, while stomata can open or close to retain or release moisture.

4. Continued… C. Lignin is a special tissue that allows a plant to grow upright. D. A vascular system acts as a pipeline to carry nutrients from roots to leaves.

5. III. Plant classification A. Mosses 1. Live in moist environments 2. No seeds 3. No vascular system

6. B. Club mosses 1. Seedless 2. Vascular 3. Include ferns

7. C. Seedplants 1. Do not depend on water for reproduction since they have pollen and seeds 2. Include conifers and flowering plants

8. IV. Kingdom Animalia A. The most physically diverse of all kingdoms. B. Multicellular heterotrophs C. Cells supported by collagen D. Animal are diploid and usually reproduce sexually.

9. V. Animal phyla A. Animals are placed into groups, or phyla, based on three criteria: 1. Body plan symmetry (bilateral vs radial), tissue layers, developmental patterns B. Animal phylogeny is being changed as new knowledge is gathered.

10. Summary Why are plants and animals in domain Eukarya? What other two kingdoms are in this domain of life?