2. Weathering and Climate 6.5 c, d

3. Weathering  The break down of rocks, minerals, and soils at or near the Earth's surface by wind, water, organisms and atmospheric conditions is called weathering.  Two types of weathering:  Physical weathering  Chemical weathering  Weathering is distinguished from erosion in that no transportation of material is involved.erosion

4. Physical Weathering  The break down of material by physical or mechanical means. Physical weathering does not change the material into a new substance.

5. Examples of Physical Weathering  Freezing water (ICE WEDGING) can break rock without any change in the minerals that form the rock. This usually produces small particles and sand.  Tree roots  Sand blasting (wind)

7. This is an example of how a tree and its roots can breakdown \ or weather a rock.

8. This is an example of how wind (sand blasting) can weather a rock.

9.  The breakdown of material by chemical reactions that changes the composition of the material is called chemical weathering. Chemical Weathering

10.  Oxidation = is the interaction between oxygen molecules and all the different substances they may contact, from metal to living tissue. (GOOD AND BAD)oxygen  Carbonation = is the term for the conversion of an organic substance into carbon organic substancecarbon Examples of Chemical Weathering

11. OXIDATION

12.  In weathering environments, the element that is most susceptible to oxidation is iron (Fe).

13. Carbonization  Some fossils are produced by carbonization  First image is carbonized leaf from the Eocene Green River Formation, Wyoming  Second image is from the Cambrian Burgess Shale, Canadian Rockies

14. 6.5 d How large bodies of water help moderate our climate.

16.  Large bodies of water (like the ocean) play a big part in controlling and moderating our climate.  Climates around large bodies of water tend to be milder. In other words, the winters are less cold and the summers are less hot.  WHY?

17. WHY?  Because water heats up more slowly and cools down more slowly than land does thus making the winters less cold and the summers less hot.

18.  What would happen if water heated up quicker and cool down quicker than land?  More severe storms  Unsteady climate