1. Muscles of the Pelvis, Leg and Foot
Lab 21
Muscles of the Pelvis, Leg and Foot

2. Muscles to know psoas major iliacus gluteus maximus gluteus medius
sartorius
quadriceps femoris (4)
gracilus
adductor longus
biceps femoris
semitendinosis
semimembranosus
tibialis anterior
ext hallucis longus
ext digitorum longus
fibularis (peroneus) longus
gastrocnemius
soleus
flexor hallucis longus
flexor digitorum longus

3. Muscles of the Pelvis and Lower Limbs
Pelvic girdle is tightly bound to axial skeleton:
permits little movement
has few muscles

4. Muscles that Position the Lower Limbs
Muscles that move the thigh
Muscles that move the leg
Muscles that move the foot and toes

5. Generally… Muscles that are lateral are abductors
Muscles that are medial are adductors
flexors are on inner surface of joint
extensors are on outer surface of joint
Note: in legs and feet, look at each joint individually (cf. arms)

6. Muscles that Move the Thigh
Gluteal muscles
Lateral rotators
Adductors
Iliopsoas group

7. Muscles of hip and thigh
psoas major
iliacus
gluteus maximus
gluteus medius
adductor longus

8. Gluteal Muscles (1 of 2) Cover lateral surfaces of ilia
Gluteus maximus:
largest, most posterior gluteal muscle
produces extension and lateral rotation at hip
Originates on illiac crest, etc., inserts on illiotibial tract and femur

9. Gluteal Muscles (2 of 2) Gluteus medius and [gluteus minimus]:
originate anterior to gluteus maximus
insert on trochanter of femur

10. Muscles that Move the Thigh
Figure 11–19a, b

11. Muscles that Move the Thigh
Figure 11–19c, d

12. Adductors Adductor longus: Gracilis (UPPER LEG):
hip flexion and adduction
Gracilis (UPPER LEG):

13. Iliopsoas group 2 hip flexors insert on the same tendon: psoas major
originates on lumbar vetebrae, inserts on femur
iliacus
originates on illium/fossa

14. Summary: Muscles that Move the Thigh
Table 11–16 (1 of 2)

15. Summary: Muscles that Move the Thigh
Table 11–16 (2 of 2)

16. Muscles that Move the Leg
Flexors of the knee:
originate on the pelvic girdle
generally: hamstrings
Extensors of the knee:
originate on the femoral surface
insert on the patella
generally: quads

17. Flexors of the Knee Biceps femoris Semimembranosus Semitendinosus
Sartorius:
originates superior to the acetabulum
long, ribbon-like muscle
traverses the quads and wraps around to the back of the knee

18. Hamstrings Made up of: All are knee flexors
biceps femoris (long and short heads)
semimembranosus
semitendinosus
All are knee flexors

19. Muscles that Move the Leg
Figure 11–20a

20. Extensors of the Knee 4 muscles of the quadriceps femoris:
3 vastus muscles:
vastus lateralis
vastus medialis
vastus intermedius
rectus femoris muscle

21. Muscles that Move the Leg
Figure 11–20b, c

22. Summary: Muscles that Move the Leg
Table 11–17 (1 of 2)

23. Summary: Muscles that Move the Leg
Table 11–17 (2 of 2)

24. Muscles that Move the Foot and Toes
Extrinsic muscles that move the foot and toes include:
muscles that produce extension at the ankle (Plantar flexion)
muscles that produce flexion at the ankle
muscles that produce extension at the toes
muscles that produce flexion at the toes

25. Muscles that Produce Extension at the Ankle (Plantar flexion)
Calf muscles
Large posterior calf muscles, both insert on Achilles):
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Fibularis longus

26. Muscles that Move the Foot and Toes
Figure 11–21a, b

27. Muscles that Move the Foot and Toes
Figure 11–21c, d

28. The Achilles Tendon The calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon):
shared by the gastrocnemius and soleus

29. Muscles that Produce Flexion at the Ankle
Tibialis anterior:
opposes the gastrocnemius

30. Muscles that Move the Foot and Toes
Figure 11–21a, b

31. Muscles that Move the Foot and Toes
Figure 11–21c, d

32. Muscles that Produce Extension at the Toes
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallucis longus
Toe extensors are on top of foot
Note: there are no muscles in toes themselves (only tendons)

33. The Intrinsic Muscles of the Foot
Figure 11–22a

34. Muscles that Produce Flexion at the Toes
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus:
oppose the extensors
Toe flexors are on bottom of foot

35. The Intrinsic Muscles of the Foot
Figure 11–22b, c

36. Summary: Muscles that Move the Foot and Toes
Table 11–18

37. Today
Lab 21
Ignore muscles that are not on the list
Due Next Week