1. English 9 Mr. Rinka - Lesson #26
Commas
Romeo and Juliet
Act III Scene 1

2. Commas with Items in a Series
We use commas to separate items in a series. (words, phrases or clauses)
My mom, Dad, and sisters all went with me.
We played in the yard, at the park, and on the playground.
People who watched on television, who listened to the radio, or who went to the stadium all enjoyed the game.

3. Commas with Items in a Series
Some items are paired by “and”, so we do not use a comma. My favorite desserts are cookies, pies, and ice cream and cake. Peanut butter and jelly, meat and cheese, and lettuce and tomatoes all make good sandwiches.

4. Commas with Items in a Series
If “and” or “or” are used to separate items, then we do not need commas.
Tom and Bill and Joe are all my friends.
I will ask Jean or Sarah or Mary for help with this work.

5. Commas with Items in a Series
Use commas to separate two or more adjectives that come before a noun.
(Do not insert a comma between the last adjective and the noun)
We sat on the hard, old, wood bench.
The cool, refreshing, tasty shake was perfect.

6. Commas with Items in a Series
Commas actually replace the word “and” in a series, so if “and” fits and makes sense, then you can use a comma.
The black and orange and white cat is mine.
The black, orange, and white cat is mine.

7. Commas with Items in a Series
Be careful not to insert a comma between adjectives if the last adjective identifies the noun.
He was a quick, talented basketball player.
(He was a quick and talented and basketball player.= wrong)
I own a sleek, fast, black sports car.
(I own a sleek and fast and black and sports car.=wrong)

8. Insert Commas with Items in a Series
We ate a hot delicious and filling meal at my house. We spoke to people who were friendly who were interesting and who were honest. I read my book at home on the bus and in the park. I am interested in sports music movies and books.

9. Insert Commas with Items in a Series
We ate a hot, delicious, and filling meal at my house. We spoke to people who were friendly, who were interesting, and who were honest. I read my book at home, on the bus, and in the park. I am interested in sports, music, movies, and books.

10. Insert Commas with Items in a Series
Do you own a new black Ford truck? My favorite food combinations are peanut butter and jelly ice cream and cake and bacon and eggs. I had a drink of cool refreshing apple juice. I saw Pete Joe Sam and Fred at the library.

11. Insert Commas with Items in a Series
Do you own a new, black Ford truck? My favorite food combinations are peanut butter and jelly, ice cream and cake, and bacon and eggs. I had a drink of cool, refreshing apple juice. I saw Pete, Joe, Sam, and Fred at the library.

12. Commas

13. Romeo and Juliet Act III Scene 1 http://www. gutenberg

14. Romeo and Juliet Act III Scene 1
SCENE I. A public place.
Enter MERCUTIO, BENVOLIO, Page, and Servants 
BENVOLIO 
I pray thee, good Mercutio, let's retire:
The day is hot, the Capulets abroad,
And, if we meet, we shall not scape a brawl;
For now, these hot days, is the mad blood stirring.

15. Thou art like one of those fellows that when he
MERCUTIO 
Thou art like one of those fellows that when he
enters the confines of a tavern claps me his sword
upon the table and says 'God send me no need of
thee!' and by the operation of the second cup draws
it on the drawer, when indeed there is no need.
BENVOLIO 
Am I like a fellow?
Come, come, thou art as hot a Jack in thy mood as
any in Italy, and as soon moved to be moody, and as
soon moody to be moved.
And what to?

16. Nay, an there were two such, we should have none
Mercutio
Nay, an there were two such, we should have none
shortly, for one would kill the other. Thou! why,
thou wilt quarrel with a man that hath a hair more,
or a hair less, in his beard, than thou hast: thou
wilt quarrel with a man for cracking nuts, having no
other reason but because thou hast hazel eyes: what
eye but such an eye would spy out such a quarrel?
Thy head is as fun of quarrels as an egg is full of
meat, and yet thy head hath been beaten as addle as
an egg for quarrelling: thou hast quarrelled with a
man for coughing in the street, because he hath
wakened thy dog that hath lain asleep in the sun:

17. didst thou not fall out with a tailor for wearing
his new doublet before Easter? with another, for
tying his new shoes with old riband? and yet thou
wilt tutor me from quarrelling!
BENVOLIO 
An I were so apt to quarrel as thou art, any man
should buy the fee-simple of my life for an hour and a
quarter.
MERCUTIO 
The fee-simple! O simple!
By my head, here come the Capulets.
By my heel, I care not.

18. Follow me close, for I will speak to them.
Enter TYBALT and others
TYBALT 
Follow me close, for I will speak to them.
Gentlemen, good den: a word with one of you.
MERCUTIO 
And but one word with one of us? couple it with
something; make it a word and a blow.
You shall find me apt enough to that, sir, an you
will give me occasion.
Could you not take some occasion without giving?

19. Mercutio, thou consort'st with Romeo,--
TYBALT 
Mercutio, thou consort'st with Romeo,--
MERCUTIO 
Consort! what, dost thou make us minstrels? An
thou make minstrels of us, look to hear nothing but
discords: here's my fiddlestick; here's that shall
make you dance. 'Zounds, consort!
BENVOLIO 
We talk here in the public haunt of men:
Either withdraw unto some private place,
And reason coldly of your grievances,
Or else depart; here all eyes gaze on us.

20. Men's eyes were made to look, and let them gaze;
MERCUTIO 
Men's eyes were made to look, and let them gaze;
I will not budge for no man's pleasure, I.
Enter ROMEO
TYBALT 
Well, peace be with you, sir: here comes my man.
But I'll be hanged, sir, if he wear your livery:
Marry, go before to field, he'll be your follower;
Your worship in that sense may call him 'man.‘
Romeo, the hate I bear thee can afford
No better term than this,--thou art a villain.

21. Tybalt, the reason that I have to love thee
ROMEO 
Tybalt, the reason that I have to love thee
Doth much excuse the appertaining rage
To such a greeting: villain am I none;
Therefore farewell; I see thou know'st me not.
TYBALT 
Boy, this shall not excuse the injuries
That thou hast done me; therefore turn and draw.
I do protest, I never injured thee,
But love thee better than thou canst devise,
Till thou shalt know the reason of my love:
And so, good Capulet,--which name I tender
As dearly as my own,--be satisfied.

22. O calm, dishonourable, vile submission! Alla stoccata carries it away.
MERCUTIO 
O calm, dishonourable, vile submission!
Alla stoccata carries it away.
Draws
Tybalt, you rat-catcher, will you walk?
TYBALT 
What wouldst thou have with me?
Good king of cats, nothing but one of your nine
lives; that I mean to make bold withal, and as you
shall use me hereafter, drybeat the rest of the
eight. Will you pluck your sword out of his pitcher

23. by the ears? make haste, lest mine be about your ears ere it be out.
TYBALT 
I am for you.
Drawing
ROMEO 
Gentle Mercutio, put thy rapier up.
MERCUTIO 
Come, sir, your passado.
They fight
Draw, Benvolio; beat down their weapons.

24. Gentlemen, for shame, forbear this outrage!
Tybalt, Mercutio, the prince expressly hath
Forbidden bandying in Verona streets:
Hold, Tybalt! good Mercutio
TYBALT under ROMEO's arm stabs MERCUTIO, and flies with his followers
MERCUTIO 
I am hurt.
A plague o' both your houses! I am sped.
Is he gone, and hath nothing?
BENVOLIO 
What, art thou hurt?

25. Ay, ay, a scratch, a scratch; marry, 'tis enough
MERCUTIO 
Ay, ay, a scratch, a scratch; marry, 'tis enough
Where is my page? Go, villain, fetch a surgeon.
Exit Page
ROMEO 
Courage, man; the hurt cannot be much.
No, 'tis not so deep as a well, nor so wide as a
church-door; but 'tis enough,'twill serve: ask for
me to-morrow, and you shall find me a grave man. I
am peppered, I warrant, for this world. A plague o‘
both your houses! 'Zounds, a dog, a rat, a mouse, a

26. cat, to scratch a man to death! a braggart, a
rogue, a villain, that fights by the book of
arithmetic! Why the devil came you between us? I
was hurt under your arm.
ROMEO 
I thought all for the best.
MERCUTIO 
Help me into some house, Benvolio,
Or I shall faint. A plague o' both your houses!
They have made worms' meat of me: I have it,
And soundly too: your houses!
Exeunt MERCUTIO and BENVOLIO

27. This gentleman, the prince's near ally,
ROMEO 
This gentleman, the prince's near ally,
My very friend, hath got his mortal hurt
In my behalf; my reputation stain'd
With Tybalt's slander,--Tybalt, that an hour
Hath been my kinsman! O sweet Juliet,
Thy beauty hath made me effeminate
And in my temper soften'd valour's steel!
Re-enter BENVOLIO
BENVOLIO 
O Romeo, Romeo, brave Mercutio's dead!
That gallant spirit hath aspired the clouds,
Which too untimely here did scorn the earth.

28. This day's black fate on more days doth depend;
ROMEO 
This day's black fate on more days doth depend;
This but begins the woe, others must end.
BENVOLIO 
Here comes the furious Tybalt back again.
Alive, in triumph! and Mercutio slain!
Away to heaven, respective lenity,
And fire-eyed fury be my conduct now!
Re-enter TYBALT
Now, Tybalt, take the villain back again,
That late thou gavest me; for Mercutio's soul
Is but a little way above our heads,

29. Staying for thine to keep him company:
Either thou, or I, or both, must go with him.
TYBALT 
Thou, wretched boy, that didst consort him here,
Shalt with him hence.
ROMEO 
This shall determine that.
They fight; TYBALT falls
BENVOLIO 
Romeo, away, be gone!
The citizens are up, and Tybalt slain.
Stand not amazed: the prince will doom thee death,
If thou art taken: hence, be gone, away!

30. Which way ran he that kill'd Mercutio?
ROMEO 
O, I am fortune's fool!
BENVOLIO 
Why dost thou stay?
Exit ROMEO
Enter Citizens, & c
First Citizen 
Which way ran he that kill'd Mercutio?
Tybalt, that murderer, which way ran he?
There lies that Tybalt.
Up, sir, go with me;

31. I charge thee in the princes name, obey.
Enter Prince, MONTAGUE, CAPULET, Wives, Others
PRINCE 
Where are the vile beginners of this fray?
BENVOLIO 
O noble prince, I can discover all
The unlucky manage of this fatal brawl:
There lies the man, slain by young Romeo,
That slew thy kinsman, brave Mercutio.
LADY CAPULET 
Tybalt, my cousin! O my brother's child!
O prince! O cousin! husband! O, the blood is spilt
O my dear kinsman! Prince, as thou art true,

32. For blood of ours, shed blood of Montague. O cousin, cousin!
PRINCE 
Benvolio, who began this bloody fray?
BENVOLIO 
Tybalt, here slain, whom Romeo's hand did slay;
Romeo that spoke him fair, bade him bethink
How nice the quarrel was, and urged withal
Your high displeasure: all this uttered
With gentle breath, calm look, knees humbly bow'd,
Could not take truce with the unruly spleen
Of Tybalt deaf to peace, but that he tilts
With piercing steel at bold Mercutio's breast,

33. Who all as hot, turns deadly point to point, And, with a martial scorn, with one hand beats Cold death aside, and with the other sends It back to Tybalt, whose dexterity, Retorts it: Romeo he cries aloud, 'Hold, friends! friends, part!' and, swifter than his tongue, His agile arm beats down their fatal points, And 'twixt them rushes; underneath whose arm An envious thrust from Tybalt hit the life Of stout Mercutio, and then Tybalt fled; But by and by comes back to Romeo, Who had but newly entertain'd revenge,

34. And to 't they go like lightning, for, ere I
Could draw to part them, was stout Tybalt slain.
And, as he fell, did Romeo turn and fly.
This is the truth, or let Benvolio die.
LADY CAPULET 
He is a kinsman to the Montague;
Affection makes him false; he speaks not true:
Some twenty of them fought in this black strife,
And all those twenty could but kill one life.
I beg for justice, which thou, prince, must give;
Romeo slew Tybalt, Romeo must not live.

35. Romeo slew him, he slew Mercutio;
PRINCE 
Romeo slew him, he slew Mercutio;
Who now the price of his dear blood doth owe?
MONTAGUE 
Not Romeo, prince, he was Mercutio's friend;
His fault concludes but what the law should end,
The life of Tybalt.
And for that offence
Immediately we do exile him hence:

36. I have an interest in your hate's proceeding, My blood for your rude brawls doth lie a-bleeding; But I'll amerce you with so strong a fine That you shall all repent the loss of mine: I will be deaf to pleading and excuses; Nor tears nor prayers shall purchase out abuses: Therefore use none: let Romeo hence in haste, Else, when he's found, that hour is his last. Bear hence this body and attend our will: Mercy but murders, pardoning those that kill. Exeunt

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