1. Welcome to CJ 101!! Kaplan University Professor Chad Rosa Unit 3

2. Kaplan University A few reminders……………………

3. Your Professor – Me Minnesota – southern metro area Over 18 years of criminal justice experience including: private security, state patrol, municipal patrol officer and school resource officer

4. Online Learning at KU KU stands for Kaplan University Each class is 10 weeks long Each week is called a Unit Each unit has several graded items – check the gradebook!!

5. Online Learning at KU Each unit/week starts on Wednesday & ends at 1159 pm EST on Tuesday Start your work for each Unit early – DON’T wait until the end of the week to complete your work

6. Online Learning at KU Want to be successful in my class? The following are the secrets…

7. Reading Each unit has a reading link – which tells you which chapter(s) to read Electronic book/chapters in docsharing Powerpoints – Read both Start your work for each Unit early – DON’T wait until the end of the week to complete your work

8. Discussion Questions Each unit has a discussion board question Always answer the question with at least a 100 word response Always “reply” to one other student for each question. Must give good input and thought – not “good post” etc

9. Quizzes Many units will have a quiz You can always retake a quiz to get a better grade – most recent score is kept However, quizzes are only open during the unit, never accepted late

10. Seminars EASTERN TIME No seminar during units 5 or 10 Participation & quality input If you miss a seminar – alternate assignment to DocSharing, NOT Dropbox

11. Seminars If you miss a seminar – Review the instructions in the seminar link of each unit. To receive credit for the seminar if you are unable to attend, you are required to write a 1 page paper summary on what we covered. Review the seminar archive for additional information. Submit your assignment using the Doc Sharing tab. Select the option to send to your instructor only.

12. More Success Go in to DocSharing and print out my example paper and EXACTLY follow that format Go in to DocSharing and print out my example paper and EXACTLY follow that format MUST write all papers in a Microsoft Word document MUST write all papers in a Microsoft Word document MUST write in Times New Roman size 12 font and double space MUST write in Times New Roman size 12 font and double space Cover/title page, body of text and reference page Cover/title page, body of text and reference page

13. Gradebook Always check your grade book Click on each individual grade so you can read my comments You can always redo and resubmit any work for a better grade – BUT only within ONE week For example, you receive a low grade on your Unit 2 paper – you have until the end of Unit 3 to resubmit it if you want to

14. Late Work Late work will only be accepted one week late – for up to full credit After one week – no credit will be given

15. Unit 2 Recap!! Graded items: Discussion board Quiz Seminar

16. What do I have to do to complete this unit? Read Chapter 6 Discussion Board Attend the Seminar Complete the Quiz. Matching Project – next slide

17. Unit 3 Matching Project Matching Project – Key Terms Probation Parole Booking Warrant Grand Jury Indictment Bail Parole Revocation

18. Unit 3 Policing: Purpose and Organization Unit 3 examines the history of police organization, the methods used to combat crime, and the growing role of technology in policing.

19. Unit 3 The organizational model of U.S. police agencies. The roles played by patrol officers and detectives in law enforcement. About the effectiveness of specialized methods of policing such as community oriented policing (COP) and problem oriented policing. The legal environment of policing.

20. Unit 3 - Policing Explain the basic purposes of policing in democratic societies…

21. Unit 3 - Policing The Police Mission The purposes of policing in democratic societies is to: Enforce and support the laws Investigate crimes/apprehend offenders Prevent crime Ensure domestic peace and tranquility Provide the community with enforcement–related services

22. Unit 3 - Policing Enforcing the Law Only about 10–20% of all calls to the police require a law enforcement response. Police cannot enforce all of the laws. Resources are limited. Law enforcement priorities are significantly affected by community needs. Individual discretion also impacts them. Police are expected to support the laws they enforce.

23. Unit 3 - Policing Apprehending Offenders Offenders may be apprehended: While committing a crime Shortly after committing a crime After an extensive investigation

24. Unit 3 - Policing Preventing Crime Crime prevention is proactive. It aims to: Reduce crime and criminal opportunities Lower the rewards of crime Lessen the fear of crime Law enforcement’s ability to prevent crimes relies in part on their ability to predict crime. Determining when and where crimes will occur Allocating resources accordingly Crime mapping, as with CompStat, helps

25. Unit 3 - Policing Preserving the Peace Law enforcement do a number of activities to help ensure domestic peace and tranquility. Examples: Supervising parades and public demonstrations Officers may focus on quality-of-life offenses, acts that create physical disorder or reflect social decay or that could lead to further deterioration (broken windows theory). Examples: Vandalism, excessive noise.

26. Unit 3 - Policing Providing Services Law enforcement provides the community with enforcement-related services. Police are just a phone call away. Police handle emergency and non-emergency calls, such as: Barking dogs Lost and found items Minor accidents

27. Unit 3 - Policing List and discuss the five core operational strategies of today's police departments…

28. Unit 3 - Policing Operational Strategies There are five core operational strategies, each with unique features: Preventive patrol Routine incident response Emergency response Criminal investigation Problem solving Additionally, there is an ancillary operational strategy: support services.

29. Unit 3 - Policing Preventive Patrol The dominant operational policing strategy is preventive patrol, which places uniformed officers on the street in the midst of the public. Patrol is designed to: Deter crimes Interrupt crimes in progress Position officers for quick response to emergencies Increase the public’s feeling of safety and security

30. Unit 3 - Policing Routine Incident Response Routine incident responses include restoring order, documenting information, or provide another immediate service to the parties involved in routine occurrences such as minor traffic accidents. This is the second most common police activity. Having a good response time is strongly linked to citizen satisfaction.

31. Unit 3 - Policing Emergency Response Emergency responses (or critical incidents) occur in response to crimes in progress, serious injuries, natural disasters, and other situations in which human lives may be in jeopardy.

32. Unit 3 - Policing Criminal Investigation Criminal investigations dominate media attention but constitute a relatively small proportion of police work. An investigation involves discovering, collecting, preparing, identifying, and presenting evidence to determine what happened and who is responsible.

33. Unit 3 - Policing Problem Solving Problem solving policing requires: Gathering knowledge of problem causes Developing solutions in partnership with the community Responding with a workable plan Assessing the progress

34. Unit 3 - Policing Support Services Support services are ancillary services such as dispatch, training, personnel, property control, and record-keeping that keep agencies running.

35. Unit 3 – Policing Policing Styles Identify the three styles of policing, and discuss differences in these approaches…

36. Unit 3 – Policing History helps shape policing styles, how agencies see their purpose, and choose to fulfill it. There are three basic policing styles: Watchman Legalistic Service

37. Unit 3 – Policing The Watchman Style of Policing The watchman style of policing are typically in lower- or lower-middle class areas that have a lot of crime. This style is marked by: Order maintenance Controlling illegal and disruptive behavior Considerable use of discretion

38. Unit 3 – Policing The Legalistic Style of Policing Legalistic style police departments are committed to enforcing the letter of the law and take a “laissez faire” stance on behaviors that are simply bothersome.

39. Unit 3 – Policing The Service Style of Policing Service style police departments strive to meet community needs. They are: Concerned with helping rather than strictly enforcing the laws. More likely to supplement law enforcement activities with community resources. Popular today.

40. Unit 3 – Policing Describe the changed role of American police in the post 9/11 environment…

41. Unit 3 – Policing Terrorism’s Impact on Policing The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks changed the role of police departments. The core mission has not changed, but all police departments now devote much more resources to preparing for a possible terrorist attack and intelligence gathering.

42. The International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP) Approach IACP identified five key principles behind an effective homeland security policy. Proposals must be developed in local context. Prevention is a key part of any strategy. State and local law enforcement can help identify, investigate, and apprehend terrorist suspects. Strategies must be coordinated nationally, not federally. There cannot be a one-size-fits-all approach.

43. Unit 3 – Policing Ethics and Professionalism Explain police discretion and how it affects the practice of contemporary law enforcement… Why is professionalism important in policing today?

44. Unit 3 – Policing Discretion and the Individual Officer Even as police agencies adapt to threats posed by terrorism, individual officers still retain a considerable amount of discretion. discretion = choice

45. Unit 3 – Policing Factors that Influence Discretion There are a number of factors that influence police decision making, including: Officer’s background Suspect’s characteristics Department policy Community interest Pressure from victim Disagreement with the law

46. Unit 3 – Policing Professionalism and Ethics Today’s demands for police professionalism require that police officers have specialized knowledge and they adhere to professional standards and police ethics. Accreditation is a step toward greater professionalism. Ethics training is integrated into most basic training programs.

47. Unit 3 - Policing Education and Training Modern police education programs involve training in areas like: Human relations Firearms Communications Legal issues Patrol Investigations Report writing A post-academy field training program (PTO) is a recent development in police training

48. Unit 3 - Policing Education and Training According to a 1999 Bureau of Justice Report, the median number of classroom training hours required of new officers is: 823 for state police 760 for county 640 for municipal 448 for sheriffs

49. Unit 3 - Policing Formal Education Formal education is not required by all police departments, though for decades it has been recommended by several Commissions and groups. Departments vary with regard to hiring requirements. Some require no college; others require a four-year degree. Most federal agencies require college degrees.

50. Unit 3 - Policing What are some of the benefits and problems associated with hiring educated officers? Everybody take a shot at it!!!!

51. Benefits and Problems Associated with Hiring Educated Police Officers Benefits  Better written reports  Enhanced public communication skills  More effective job performance  Fewer citizen complaints  Greater initiative  Wiser use of discretion  Heightened sensitivity to racial and ethnic issues  Fewer disciplinary problems Problems  More likely to leave police work  More likely to question orders  More likely to request reassignments

52. Unit 3 - Policing Recruitment and Selection Law enforcement agencies use a variety of applicant screening methods, including: Personal interviews Basic skills tests Physical agility measures Medical exams Drug tests Background investigations Psychological testing

53. Percentage of Local Police Departments Using Various Recruit-Screening Methods, (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2003)

54. Unit 3 – Policing Ethnic and Gender Diversity Identify some of the issues related to ethnic and gender diversity in policing, and suggest ways of addressing them…

55. Unit 3 – Policing Ethnic and Gender Diversity in Policing Opportunities for women and minorities in policing are expanding. Many departments have dramatically increased their complement of officers from unrepresented groups. In 2000, 22.7% of officers were racial and ethnic minorities. Women are still significantly underrepresented, accounting for only 13% of all sworn officers.

56. Unit 3 – Policing Ethnic and Gender Diversity in Policing Although ethnic minorities are now employed in policing in significant numbers, women are still significantly underrepresented, especially in top command positions.

57. Unit 3 – Policing Women as Effective Police Officers Some women have integrated well into the role of police officer. Others feel strain and isolation. Strain caused by family roles and parenting, underutilization, uncooperative attitudes of male officers.

58. Unit 3 – Policing Increasing the Number of Minorities and Women in Police Work The Police Foundation recommends: Involving underrepresented groups in departmental affirmative action and long-term planning programs. Encouraging the development of an open promotion system. Periodic audits to make sure that female officers are not being underutilized by ineffective tracking into clerical and support positions.

59. Unit 3 Requirements Review Key Terms Read Chapter 6 Complete the Matching Project Complete Quiz Attend Seminar Respond to the Discussion Board – 100 word answer and respond to at least one other student Complete everything by Tuesday at 1159pm EST

60. Good Night That is all I have for tonight!! Have a great upcoming week!!