1. How Does the Bladder Work? Presented by (insert name of presenter here)

2. Urinary System urinary system The urinary system is responsible for getting rid of waste products in the form of urine.

3. Urinary System Kidney Kidney: Removes waste products from the blood and produces urine Ureter Ureter: Moves the urine from the kidneys to the bladder Bladder Bladder: Holds the urine until it is full Urethra Urethra: The tube through which the urine flows out of the body

4. Anatomy of the Urinary Tract Kidney Ureter Bladder Urethra Upper Urinary Tract Lower Urinary Tract FemaleMale

5. Anatomy of the Female Urinary Tract Ureter Rectum Pelvic floor Abdominal muscles Bladder Pubic bone External urethral sphincter Urethra Vagina

6. Anatomy of the Male Urinary Tract Ureter Rectum Pelvic floor Abdominal muscles Bladder Pubic bone External urethral sphincter Urethra Penis Internal urethral sphincter Prostate gland

7. Structure of the Bladder Ureter Prostate gland Detrusor smooth muscle External urethral sphincter Pelvic floor

8. Detrusor Muscle (x25) Mucous membrane Smooth muscle and connective tissues

9. Muscarinic Receptors in the Parasympathetic Nervous System Visual disturbances Dry mouth Palpitation/Tachycardia Constipation Urinary retention CNS Iris/ciliary body Lacrimal gland Parotid gland Sublingual gland Submaxillary gland Heart Liver Stomach Colon Small intestine Detrusor muscle

10. Micturition Reflex Brain Direction of nerve impulse Spinal cord Bladder Pelvic floor

11. Bladder Control System bladder muscle bladder Urethra closed Sphincter Muscles Squeezed Shut bladder muscle bladder Urethra open Sphincter Muscles Relaxed urine

12. Bladder Filling & Emptying Cycle The cycle of bladder filling and emptying 1. Bladder fills 2. First desire to urinate (bladder half full) Urination 3. Urination voluntarily inhibited until time and place are right Detrusor muscle contracts Detrusor muscle relaxes Urethral sphincter contracts Urethral sphincter relaxes

13. Normal Control of Urination

14. Overactive Bladder