1. Challenges for Dry Bulk Terminals in Developing Regions

2.  Established since 1972 with Head Office in the U.K.  Key areas of business: Bulk Handling, Bagging, Bulk Terminal Management, Expediting, Inland Logistics and Technical Consultancy  Over 40 years of experience in developing regions  Worked over 70 countries and 145 different locations  Annually over 8 million tonnes handled  Owner and manager of large fleet of bulk handling equipment Nectar Group Limited

3. Changing Dynamics  Economic Difficulties in developed regions  Impact on growth in the Far East  Changes in Fleet characteristics  Changing trade patterns  New sources of supply

4. Terminal Developments Three Fundamental areas:  Supply of material  Terminal Function  Loading & Scheduling of Vessels

5. Complex Relationships Railway authorities Land owners The town Politics Conflicting interests Multiple clients Agreements throughout the logistics chain Consultants Port Owner Concessionaire company Terminal Operator The portUsers/clients Local Authorities Government

6. Supply of Material  Renovation of supply lines  Adequate capacity  Management & scheduling  Contingency plans

7. The Right Design ? o Design versus practical o Avoiding bottlenecks

8. Suitability of Berth

9. Equipment & Materials  Lifetime consideration  Budget or safety  Quality control  Fit for local circumstances

10. Vessel Planning  Berth availability  Port demands & priorities  Safe access  Extreme weather

11. Operational Challenges

12. Technical Challenges  Documentation  Warranty issues  Design deficiencies  Local labour training & retention  Stock Management

13.  Take a long term view  Consider & link all elements of logistical chain with emphasis on local & regional circumstances  The cheapest is not always the best option  Never relinquish quality control  Get the terminal operator involved from the design stage How to avoid costly mistakes ?

14. Thank you www.nectargroup.net Nectar Group Limited 1 Ashton Gate Ashton Road Harold Wood Romford RM3 8UF Tel: +44 1708 386 555 Fax: +44 1708 386 665 E-mail: nectar.uk@nectargroup,net