1. Metallic and Ionic Nanoparticles
Extendable Structures:
Reactivity, Catalysis, Adsorption
Metallic and Ionic Nanoparticles Extendable Structures

2. Nanoparticles HOW and WHY do these large numbers of surface atoms
compared to interior atoms
make nanoparticles
so different?

3. Nanoparticles
Think
Coordination Numbers!

4. Attracted to lots of nearest neighbors High Coordination Numbers
Nanoparticles
Interior atoms
Attracted to lots of nearest neighbors
High Coordination Numbers

5. Attracted to few nearest neighbors Low Coordination Numbers
Nanoparticles
Surface atoms
Attracted to few nearest neighbors
Low Coordination Numbers

6. Nanoparticles Surface atoms have Higher energy! Surface Energy! =
E (surface
atoms)
E (interior
atoms) =
E (surface)
Surface Energy!

7. Nanoparticles Metallic Crystal Nanoparticle Smaller Sample
Larger Sample

8. The surface Nanoparticles …is where the interactions that
result in changes in physical
and chemical properties occur.
…is where chemical reactions take place.

9. Nanoparticles Factors that affect the RATE of chemical reactions
1. Size of reaction particles and increasing surface area
2. Concentrations of reactants
3. Temperature
4. Presence of a catalyst

10. Therefore, the surface energy increases!
Nanoparticles
What factors account for the increase in reaction rates of chemical processes at the nanoscale level?
As the size of nanoscale particles decreases,
the surface area to volume ratio increases.
Therefore, the surface energy increases!
Metallic and Ionic Nanoparticles Extendable Structures

11. Nanoparticles Adsorption takes place at the surface.
Show a volume of atoms—Show pink guy attached to the vertices
Metallic and Ionic Nanoparticles Extendable Structures

12. Nanoparticles
7 grams of nanoparticles (four nm) have a surface area equivalent to a football field

13. Nanoparticles Catalytic reactions takes place at the surface.
Two different particles come together on a surface, rearrange and go separate ways. Show entire seven layer.
Pink and purple from different locations come together on the surface and then leave together.
Metallic and Ionic Nanoparticles Extendable Structures

14. Nanoparticles Nanowires Gold Catalytic Surface
Scanning Electron Microscop (SEM) showing the vertical growth of nanowires on a gold catalytic surface for electronic devices (Stanford Nanofabrication Facility)
Metallic and Ionic Nanoparticles Extendable Structures

15. Increase the rates of some
Metallic and Ionic Nanoparticles
Decreases in the size of particles
Increases in surface area
Increase the rates of some
chemical reactions

16. Iron nanoparticles in YOUR backyard?

17. Making Connections
What chemical properties were most effected by surface energy?
How were the chemical properties affected by surface energy?
What physical properties might be affected by surface energy?
Judy add new screenshot
Metallic and Ionic Nanoparticles Extendable Structures

18. Module Flow Chart Lesson 1.1 What is Nanoscience? What is Nanoscience?
Examine and Compare size: macro, micro, sub-micro (nano)
SI prefixes
Lesson 1.2 What Makes Nanoscience so Different?
What makes Nanoscience so different?
Compare Newtonian and Quantum Chemistry Regimes as they relate to nanoscale science
Lesson 1.3 What Makes Nanoscience so Important?
Interdisciplinary science
The development of new technologies and instrumentation applications whose risk and benefits have yet to be determined
Poster Assessment
Students will further investigate the essential question that they have considered throughout the module: How and why do the chemical and physical properties of nanosamples differ from those of macrosamples?
Lesson 2.1 Extendable Solids
As the size of the sample decreases the ratio of surface particles to interior particles increases in ionic and metallic solids
Lesson 2.2 Extendable Solids: Reactivity, Catalysis, Adsorption
The difference between the energy at the surface atoms and energy of the interior atoms results in increased surface energy at the nanoscale
Higher surface energy allowing for increased reactivity, adsorption, and catalysis at the nanoscale
Lesson 2.3
Extendable Structures: Melting Point, Color Conductivity
Lesson 3.1
Carbon Chemistry
Lesson 3.2
Fullerenes and Nanotubes