1. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Educational Toolkit Values and Awareness Module 1 Basic Course Topic1.4 Monuments: Social Significance and Conflict of Values Teaching Material

2. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 2 Em. Prof. Theodosios P. Tassios - NTUA - National Technical University of Athens Copyright ©ELAICH Beneficiaries 2009-2012 This material is an integral part of the “ELAICH – educational toolkit” and developed as part of the project ELAICH – Educational Linkage Approach in Cultural Heritage within the framework of EuroMed Cultural Heritage 4 Programme under grant agreement ENPI 150583. All rights reserved to the ELAICH Beneficiaries. This material, in its entirety only, may be used in "fair use" only as part of the ELAICH – educational toolkit for the educational purposes by non-profit educational establishments or in self-education, by any means at all times and on any downloads, copies and or, adaptations, clearly indicating “©ELAICH Beneficiaries 2009-2011” and making reference to these terms. Use of the material amounting to a distortion or mutilation of the material or is otherwise prejudicial to the honor or reputation of ELAICH Beneficiaries 2009-2011 is forbidden. Use of parts of the material is strictly forbidden. No part of this material may be: (1) used other than intended (2) copied, reproduced or distributed in any physical or electronic form (3) reproduced in any publication of any kind (4) used as part of any other teaching material in any framework; unless prior written permission of the ELAICH Beneficiaries has been obtained. Disclaimer This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The contents of this document are the sole responsibility of the ELAICH Consortium and can under no circumstances be regarded as reflecting the position of the European Union.

3. Abstract Monuments serve man’s need for collective history. Monuments provide a wealth of knowledge and practices, both social and technical. Aesthetic value, an important human need, is also satisfied through monuments, as even the sight of most monuments is inspiring. Thus, raising awareness and encouraging active participation in the protection of cultural heritage should be promoted. Monument protection supports tourism and socio-economic growth. Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 3 Em. Prof. Theodosios P. Tassios - NTUA - National Technical University of Athens

4. Content Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage Slide 4 Informing society and assuring the participation of society in the protection of Cultural Heritage. The protection of Cultural Heritage is a part of tourism and social-economic growth. Compatibility of Development is important because it puts the spotlight on Cultural Heritage and helps to protect it. Em. Prof. Theodosios P. Tassios - NTUA - National Technical University of Athens

5. Em. Prof. Theodosios P. Tassios – Topic 1.4: Monuments: Social significance and conflict of values Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage 1.4.1. Preserving outstanding natural wealth (e.g. sites of outstanding beauty or locations of great scientific and environmental value) For millions of years man has lived and evolved inside natural habitats. Man successfully integrated with that beauty and that biodiversity. Therefore, because we know that for thousands of years no known change in man have occurred, we still have a functional need of Nature.

6. Em. Prof. Theodosios P. Tassios – Topic 1.4: Monuments: Social significance and conflict of values Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage 1.4.2. Our Collective History (Sources of knowledge about our history (without regard for aesthetic value): tombs, necropolises, old settlements, other archaeological sites, historic buildings, places of worship as well as older great industrial sites or valuable objects.) Since pre-historic times man has needed, created and used symbols to represent his group or society. Even with our current level of sophistication, technical and otherwise, the memory of the past is still valuable and can enrich individual lives and society. The knowledge, practices (social and technical), and meaning found integrated within each monument are valuable to modern man.

7. Em. Prof. Theodosios P. Tassios – Topic 1.4: Monuments: Social significance and conflict of values Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage 1.4.3. Conservation of ancient works of craft (with great aesthetic value) (e.g. temples, statues, ships –the fact that these might, and usually are imbued with great historic value too, is not relevant in this connection) A one-sided perception of man undervalues the aesthetic part of man as well as the reinvention of our innermost Self through Art – every moment, day and night (dreams). This underevaluation, results in a sort of emasculation of the Being and an undermining of happiness (and maybe even increases neuroses). The sight of most Monuments is inspiring – thus, it satisfies a human need.

8. Em. Prof. Theodosios P. Tassios – Topic 1.4: Monuments: Social significance and conflict of values Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage 1.4.4. Construction of modern signs of remembrance for recent events and persons or propagation of ideas (this parallels the ancient dedications and monuments after great athletic victories, burial monuments, as well as buildings of certain ideological expedience) All cultures document the great pleasures and the great sorrows of the present time with some Sign in space – a solid reminder of personal or collective great facts or of important persons. It is worth noting that all dictatorships create monstrous “ monuments ” so that we do not forget them. It is important to realize that the Winners of the ancient Greek times ’ athletic games, were allowed to build a monument to their victory – such was the ideal of (athletic) Virtue at that time.

9. Em. Prof. Theodosios P. Tassios – Topic 1.4: Monuments: Social significance and conflict of values Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage 1.4.5. Protection and Propagation of Traditional Items (ranging from national dress to even traditional manufacturing techniques of objects) The expansion of the concept of the term “ monument ”, from the large built objects to other forms of cultural heritage, e.g. traditional methods and usable products of the past, was first recognized by the Japanese, and this expanded concept is now accepted world-wide. All aspects of cultural heritage contribute to the formation social cohesion.

10. Em. Prof. Theodosios P. Tassios – Topic 1.4: Monuments: Social significance and conflict of values Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage 1.4.6. Local economy support thanks to the promotion of local Monuments It is both an Obligation and a Right of local societies to actively promote the monuments of a region. However, using Monuments to increase a region ’ s income must be done only if the potential damage caused to the Monuments is acceptably low and reversible.

11. Em. Prof. Theodosios P. Tassios – Topic 1.4: Monuments: Social significance and conflict of values Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage 1.4.7. Modern Uses of Monuments For instance: ~ Houses in historical centres ~ Cultural centres, ~ Offices of cultural services (etc.)

12. Em. Prof. Theodosios P. Tassios – Topic 1.4: Monuments: Social significance and conflict of values Educational Linkage Approach In Cultural Heritage 1.4.8. Conclusion All of these needs, personal and social, which are treated via the “ function ” of Monuments, bear greater significance to modern man than is usual imagined, and can enrich the individual and society.