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Slavery Divides a Nation Setting the Scene… Year – 1820 President – James Monroe Thomas Jefferson voices his opinion of slavery. 11 free states 11 slave.

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Presentation on theme: "Slavery Divides a Nation Setting the Scene… Year – 1820 President – James Monroe Thomas Jefferson voices his opinion of slavery. 11 free states 11 slave."— Presentation transcript:

1

2 Slavery Divides a Nation

3 Setting the Scene… Year – 1820 President – James Monroe Thomas Jefferson voices his opinion of slavery. 11 free states 11 slave states

4 How do we admit Missouri? The Missouri Compromise

5 Who was Henry Clay? Maine = Free Missouri = Slave 12 free states and 12 slave states

6 Wilmot Proviso David Wilmot Banned slavery in territories won from Mexico.

7 Popular Sovereignty – right for people to create their own government. Free-Soil Party New political party Keep slavery out of the Western territories. Martin Van Buren ran for a second term. (He lost!)

8 Setting the Scene… Tempers flare in Congress. Benton vs. Foote The reason: California

9 California’s Impact… Cali wanted to enter as a free state. 15 free states & 15 slave states Oregon, Utah, and New Mexico would follow. South might secede. Clay vs. Calhoun Fugitive slaves must be returned. Webster wants to avoid a Civil War.

10 Compromise of 1850 Why?

11 What did it accomplish? Admits California as a free state. Bans slave trade in Washington, DC. Fugitive Slave Act Upholds popular sovereignty in New Mexico and Utah. Settles Texas/New Mexico border dispute.

12 UNCLE TOM’S CABIN Harriet Beecher Stowe Popular in the North Objected in the South History

13 Setting the Scene… Did the Compromise of 1850 end the debate over slavery? NO!!! The battle over Kansas.

14 The Kansas-Nebraska Act Divided Nebraska and Kansas Each had the right to decide about slavery(popular sovereignty) Supported by the South & President Pierce North didn’t like it!

15 Kansas is Bleeding … Proslavery vs. Antislavery Border Ruffians vote illegally Two governments in Kansas John Brown at Pottawatomie Creek

16 Violence in the Senate (again) ! Sumner vs. Butler Preston to the rescue!

17 Dred Scott v. Sandford Supreme Court decided slaves were not citizens. Congress didn’t have power to outlaw slavery in any territory. Missouri Compromise – unconstitutional. Reaction was mixed.

18 The Republican Party Formed by Free-Soilers and Northern Democrats. Keep slavery out of West and end it in the South. John C. Fremont – first presidential candidate. Republicans are here to stay.

19 ABE LINCOLN ARRIVES… Born in Kentucky Moved to Illinois and opened a store. Honest, witty, plain-spoken, well-liked Lincoln-Douglas Debates

20 John Brown's Raid 1859 Harpers Ferry, Virginia Accused of treason and hung to death. Martyr ?

21 Election of 1860 Republican – Abe Lincoln North Democrats – Stephen Douglas South Democrats – John Breckinridge Constitutional Union – John Bell

22 How they voted… Lincoln Wins!

23 The South Reacts… South Carolina secedes on December 20, 1860. Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas followed in February. Seven states form a new nation called the Confederate States of America. Jefferson Davis is named the first president.

24 The Civil War Begins… Confederate forces opened fire on Fort Sumter in South Carolina. Major Robert Anderson surrendered to the Confederates on April 13, 1861. The Civil War has begun…

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